Stosunki amerykańsko-irańskie jako przykład próby zbliżenia wrogich państw z wykorzystaniem sportu

Celem artykułu jest zbadanie dyplomacji sportowej pomiędzy Iranem a Stanami Zjednoczonymi, która stanowi przykład dyplomacji sportowej ukierunkowanej na zbliżenie nieprzychylnych względem siebie państw. Kraje te nie utrzymują bowiem stosunków dyplomatycznych, a ich wzajemne relacje można scharakteryzować jako wrogie. Pod koniec XX wieku dwa państwa zaczęły nawiązywać kontakty sportowe ukierunkowane na wspieranie zbliżenia.
W artykule podjęta została próba weryfikacji hipotezy, zgodnie z którą dyplomacja sportowa pomiędzy USA i Iranem miała znaczenie jedynie wtórne i nie byłaby możliwa bez woli politycznej. Podjęta zostanie ponadto próba analizy doboru poszczególnych dyscyplin sportowych wykorzystanych w ramach dyplomacji sportowej pomiędzy Iranem a USA, jeśli chodzi o ich pozytywny bądź negatywny wpływ na jej skuteczność.

AMERICAN-IRANIAN RELATIONS AS AN EXAMPLE OF AN ATTEMPT OF POLITICAL RAPPROCHEMENT WITH THE USE OF SPORT

The aim of the article is to investigate sports diplomacy between Iran and the United States, which is an example of sports diplomacy directed at bringing unfriendly states closer. The two countries do not have diplomatic relations and their mutual attitude can be described as hostile. At the end of the 20th century they started to establish sports exchanges aimed at supporting political rapprochement.
The article is aimed to verify a hypothesis stating that the significance of sports diplomacy between Iran and the United States was secondary and it would not be possible without the political will of both sides. Also, an attempt to analyze the selection of sports disciplines used for sports diplomacy between the two states concerning their positive or negative effect on its efficiency has been made.

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