The Role of Economic Factors in the Processes of Democratic Consolidation – the Case of Post-Revolutionary Tunisia
- Institution: Polish Academy of Sciences
- Year of publication: 2016
- Source: Show
- Pages: 95–116
- DOI Address: https://doi.org/10.15804/athena.2016.52.05
- PDF: apsp/52/apsp5205.pdf
In the last fi ve years Tunisia has been presented mostly as a success story of political transition. It managed to adopt a new constitution and to conduct the parliamentary and presidential elections in 2014. Finally, civil society groups, which helped to end the political crisis in 2013, won the Nobel peace prize. If we look from the institutional perspective and the ability of political groups to compromise, indeed we can say that Tunisia is a success story. Th e picture is more bleak, however, if we try to assess the infl uence of economic factors on the development of Tunisian democracy, especially in light of recent terrorist attacks and social protests. Th e aim of the article is to answer the questions, to what extent economic crisis can inhibit democratic consolidation in Tunisia and what Tunisia can learn from the Spanish experience of political transition.
ROLA CZYNNIKÓW EKONOMICZNYCH W PROCESACH KONSOLIDACJI DEMOKRACJI NA PRZYKŁADZIE POREWOLUCYJNEJ TUNEZJI
W ciągu ostatnich pięciu lat Tunezja była przedstawiana głównie jako przykład udanej transformacji politycznej. W 2014 roku została przyjęta nowa konstytucja, w oparciu o którą przeprowadzono wybory prezydenckie i parlamentarne. Co więcej, Kwartet na rzecz Dialogu Narodowego, który pomógł zakończyć kryzys polityczny w 2013 roku, został laureatem Pokojowej Nagrody Nobla. Patrząc z perspektywy reform instytucjonalnych oraz zdolności różnych grup do zawierania kompromisu, możemy niewątpliwie skonkludować, że transformacja polityczna w Tunezji okazała się sukcesem. Obraz ten staje się jednak mniej jednoznaczny, jeśli weźmie się pod uwagę wpływ czynników ekonomicznych na rozwój demokracji, szczególnie w kontekście zamachów terrorystycznych oraz społecznych protestów, do których dochodziło w porewolucyjnej Tunezji. Celem artykułu jest udzielenie odpowiedzi na pytania, w jakim stopniu kryzysy ekonomiczne mogą zablokować procesy demokratycznej konsolidacji i czego Tunezja może się nauczyć z doświadczeń Hiszpanii okresu transformacji politycznej.
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political transition Tunisia economic factors de-democratization transformacja polityczna Tunezja czynniki ekonomiczne demokratyzacja