SPIS TREŚCI / CONTENTS / ЗМІСТ

The impact of globalization on the welfare of the country’s population: finding the optimal path for Ukraine

The study of the impact of globalization processes on the well-being of the country’s population is becoming extremely relevant in modern realities. The article offers a study of the cause-and-effect relationships between globalization and well-being, as well as the peculiarities of the development of such links for Ukraine. As one of the modern megatrends of the world, globalization is an integral part of human development, and as a process, it has significantly affected the well-being of people. Its impact on well-being, however, is complex and multifaceted, with both positive and negative consequences. The term quality of life, in the concept of Welfare state, has acquired special significance in today’s society. And the measurement of quality of life, as well as GDP of ND, are the main measures of well-being. As the world becomes more and more similar, there is a need to compare the mutual influences between globalization and quality of life in Ukraine with other countries. For this purpose, a review of published works was made to identify existing studies, the relationship between globalization indices and well-being measurements was identified by the method of statistical analysis (correlation method), the nature of these mutual influences was determined with the help of empirical research, the comparative analysis showed the specifics of the level of globalization and the level of well-being in Ukraine in the comparison of such relationships in other countries. The main subject of the study is to initiate a discussion about what makes a country effective, as well as what steps can be taken to increase the level of well-being and efficiency in Ukraine. Although Ukraine is currently going through difficult periods of its history, it is at such times that significant transformations aimed at sustainable and balanced development in the conditions of the modern world order should be launched. The study found that there are both direct and inverse relationships between globalization and welfare indices. Basically, globalization (social and economic) has a positive impact on GDP and quality of life. The comparative analysis points to an effective path of globalization for Ukraine, first of all, it concerns the legal factor of globalization, namely the provision of policies, institutions that support the rule of law, economic freedoms, equal access to investment markets and the economy of all entities. From the point of view of social globalization, in order to increase Ukraine’s competitiveness and efficiency, its efforts should be directed to international education, the development of high technologies, ensuring equality of rights and access to benefits (fight against corruption), and cultural exchange. The war has many negative consequences for Ukraine, but at the same time, it can also be an incentive for positive changes.

Models of political and economic development of People’s Republic of China and Russian Federation as abasis for state relations in the 21st century

The article describes the political and economic systems in the Russian Federation and the People’s Republic of China. The main differences in the formation and functioning of the political and economic models of the mentioned countries are identified. The work emphasizes that the People’s Republic of China, unlike the Russian Federation, was able to introduce market mechanisms into the planned model of the economy more quickly. The introduction of market mechanisms allowed China to ensure stable development of the national economy and modify the political system to the requirements of reality without changing its fundamental principles. The Russian Federation, being in a similar situation, was unable to preserve the achievements of the Soviet Union and reoriented its industry from hightech to extractive. Currently, both countries are actively developing political and economic relations, but the reliability and durability of such processes have not been fully investigated.

Tradition as a component of the educational potential (on the example of Kremenets schools 1804–2019)

The genesis of elite education in Kremenets dates back to 1711. After the perturbations of 1783–1801 / 1803, the Jesuit base of the academic school of the Kingdom of Poland became the basis for the establishment of a school complex - the Kremenets Lyceum as the planned university. As a result of its achievements and the Tsar’s decree of 1819, the Lyceum obtained the formal status of a university, but in 1833 it was transferred to Kiev as the basis for the establishment of the Russian University of Saint Vladimir. The Orthodox theological seminary after 1834, and then the female secondary school, did not fill the gap left by the Lyceum. His myth was built by graduates. As a result, the school complex was recreated in Kremenets in 1919–1920 and was successful until 1939. However, the legend was fought in the USSR, including Kremenets itself, but still alive in Poland. The mental heirs of the educational tradition of Kremenets are contemporary Ukrainians and Poles. The new hosts of Kremenets gradually and selectively refer to the traditions of the first half of the 19th century. The Kremenets Lyceum was established in the same year as the oldest Ukrainian university in Kharkiv (1804). The small, provincial Kremenets has a chance to transform today’s Taras Shevchenko Regional Humanitarian Pedagogical Academy of Kremenets if it refers to the tradition of the years 1804–1939. The potential hidden in tradition was saved in the 19th century by the University of Krakow. An axiom is the view of Hannah Arendt that without tradition and authority education is impossible. The essence is an educational tradition, not a political or national one. However, contemporary studies of the views of Polish or Ukrainian students and academic teachers create a more complex picture, not fully consistent with the threats of 2022. The confrontation of the past and the educational tradition with the state of its contemporary reception is the essence of the presented text.

International scientific cooperation of Ukraine in the Antarctic

The article focuses on Ukraine’s international scientific cooperation in the Antarctic, which is part of the realization of Ukraine’s national interests in the region and the country’s Polar interests in general. The study makes an analysis of the main international treaties that create the legal field for international cooperation and form the basis of the Antarctic Treaty System. Author try to find out the state of adaptability of international legal norms that regulate international relations in Antarctic to Ukrainian legislation. The study shows the process of establishing Ukraine as a full-fledged subject of the International Antarctic community from obtaining its own Antarctic research station to acquiring the status of a Consultative Party with the opportunity to make decisions and accession to the main international organizations of the Antarctic Treaty. The research pays attention on the Great Britain’s role in this process. The article highlights that the galleries of corporation between Ukrainian scientists and foreign colleagues, in particular, participation in the international projects in the context of today’s challenges for Ukraine and the whole Antarctic Treaty System.

Religious legitimization of the temporal order

The category of legitimization mainly refers to the sphere of politics and power. It means validation and justification. The article intends to outline the perspective of religion as a factor of legitimation in social life, and the concept of legitimisation itself wants to be treated metaphorically. It refers mainly to Max Weber and his analyses of religion and religious attitudes in collective, social and political life. Religion is often perceived only as a social phenomenon, or even only through the prism of a certain human project. For some sociologists, religious legitimization in relation to events in the profanum sphere gives them meaning and makes them important for individuals and communities. The article also points out how such aspirations are often quite reductive, because they only emphasize the purely human, temporal and earthly meaning of religious reality, and the phenomenon of religion is treated instrumentally.

Recruitment by the Security Service as around-up – the Case Study

This essay sheds light on the dark sides of the recent history of Poland, in which the secret police of the People’s Republic of Poland stood guard over the socialist system. The most effective means of totalitarian control of society was to recruit secret collaborators in the so-called hostile environment. This task in the following decades required more and more “creativity” on the part of secret police officers, because on the one hand there was an increasing pressure of management for greater efficiency, and on the other hand, knowledge about the methods of operation of security organs became more common in society and at the same time its resistance to the regime increased totalitarian. A representative example is the person of Tadeusz Wielgórski, the secret police officer in Siedlce, who resorted to “creative action and bureaucracy” while working with three secret collaborators.

Peculiarities of the EU’s heritage diplomacy

This article aims to fill the gaps in the discourse on heritage diplomacy, especially concerning the EU’s efforts on heritage. Heritage diplomacy is a new term, the discussions about a more precise theorization of which are still ongoing. Thus, of particular interest was the question of the functions and defining features of the heritage diplomacy of the European Union in terms of its internal (“domestic”) and external (“foreign”) dimensions. Considering this research question, the article focuses on defining the main functions and features of the European Union’s heritage diplomacy activities through their heritage-specific projects and initiatives, especially given the intensification of the EU’s heritage activities in recent years. To do this, firstly, the concept of heritage diplomacy was analyzed and the role and place of heritage and heritage diplomacy in the EU policy was indicated. This article defines heritage diplomacy as the process of instrumentalising the tangible and intangible past (heritage) and the narratives around them to promote (geo-)culture and/or intercultural relations. Then, a careful analysis of the EU’s initiatives and projects on heritage (European Heritage Label, European Capitals of Culture, European heritage awards, UNESCO-EU joint projects, etc.) was done, through which many functions of EU’s heritage diplomacy were pointed out and categorized within the internal (“domestic”) and external (“foreign”) dimensions. Among the functions were defined the following: integration, creation and strengthening of European identity through making a European narrative, ‘Europeanisation’, cooperation, raising awareness of other issues (such as about the practices of sustainability), conservation, culture preservation, involvement of non-European cultures in the cultural dialogue (heritage as a platform), peacekeeping, etc. Although the two ought to be distinct, a blurring between the two dimensions was pointed out, resulting in the notion of the heritage diplomacy of the European Union as being mostly done on the level of the European Continent.

2nd Congress of Security Sciences “Security – Scientific Centers – Areas of Research and Education” (Kalisz, November 20–21, 2024)