Nr 4(39)

Spis treści

  • Author: The Editors
  • Year of publication: 2023
  • Source: Show
  • Pages: 5-10
  • DOI Address: -
  • PDF: hso/39/hso39toc.pdf
  • License: This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the CreativeCommons Attribution license CC BY-NC-ND 4.0.

OBSAH

TABLE OF CONTENTS

The cement nude, the (h)ero(tic)ism of the working class – the artistic programme of outdoor sculptures on the Black Sea littoral and the pro-natal, pro-family policies under communism

  • Author: Cosmin Nasui
  • Institution: curator, founder and president at PostModernism Museum
  • ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2353-8635
  • Year of publication: 2023
  • Source: Show
  • Pages: 13-32
  • DOI Address: https://doi.org/10.15804/hso230401
  • PDF: hso/39/hso3901.pdf
  • License: This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the CreativeCommons Attribution license CC BY-NC-ND 4.0.

Controlled eroticization of the proletariat through pro-natal policies was an almost unnoticed facet of the programme of iconographic public works displayed in exceptional locations throughout the newly-built resorts along Romania’s Black Sea shore. Never previously studied on its own merits, this artistic programme of open-air sculptures that begun in the Romanian Popular Republic and continued in the Romanian Socialist Republic needs to be understood and contextualized, by way of interdisciplinary instruments, against a broader post-Eastern approach that goes beyond the established methodologies of art history.

polityka pronarodzeniowa rzeźby program artystyczny pronatal policies sculptures artistic programme ideologia ideology region Morza Czarnego Black Sea Region komunizm communism

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The mythmaking of children heroes during the communist regime in Bulgaria – the case of “the heroes of Belitsa”

  • Author: Milena Angelova
  • Institution: South-West University “Neofit Rilski”, Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria
  • ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0208-1989
  • Year of publication: 2023
  • Source: Show
  • Pages: 33-49
  • DOI Address: https://doi.org/10.15804/hso230402
  • PDF: hso/39/hso3902.pdf
  • License: This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the CreativeCommons Attribution license CC BY-NC-ND 4.0.

The paper presents the constructing of the image of “child heroes” in the memory policies imposed by the communist regime in Bulgaria after 1944. The Bulgarian case of establishing patterns of child heroism during the communist regime followed the Soviet examples of policy on the youngsters. In pursuing its own ideological goals, after 1944 the political regime in Bulgaria imposed new content of child education and turned children into an instrument and object of the propaganda of new heroism. The biographies of the “child heroes” were turned into examples of education and identification for the young generations. Despite the fact that several local cases existed, the cases of Mitko Palauzov, the “six children form Yastrebino” and the “heroes of Belitsa” – Vasil and Sava Kokareshkovi were presented as the national heroic patterns for the youngsters. The specific case of Vasil and Sava Kokareshkovi has been followed in the paper.

zieci-bohaterowie children heroes Bulgaria pamięć kulturowa communist regime reżim komunistyczny cultural memory

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Interrupted biographies: six distinguished female figures between repressions and survival during the communist regime in Bulgaria

  • Author: Nurie Muratova
  • Institution: South-West University “Neofit Rilski”, Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria
  • ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1083-4722
  • Author: Kristina Popova
  • Institution: Institute of Ethnology and Folklore Studies with Ethnographic Museum, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
  • ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2825-7938
  • Year of publication: 2023
  • Source: Show
  • Pages: 50-63
  • DOI Address: https://doi.org/10.15804/hso230403
  • PDF: hso/39/hso3903.pdf
  • License: This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the CreativeCommons Attribution license CC BY-NC-ND 4.0.

The paper presents the interruptions to the biographical trajectories of six women persecuted in different periods during the communist regime in Bulgaria in order to outline the common features as well the specificity of their cases: two former leading feminists: Julia Malinova ( Julia Jakovlevna Schneider – President of the Bulgarian Women’s Union until 1926, Dimitrana Ivanova, President 1926–1944), two members of the Oppositional (Nikola Petkov’s) Bulgarian Agrarian Party (Rayna Lapardova and Tsvetana Tsacheva), two scientists from the Turkish minority in Bulgaria Mefkure Mollova and Hayriye Memova). The paper presents the documentation on these women and their political and academic activities, and the deficits of information, as well as the radical interruptions to their lifestyles, careers, family life, and social ties, and social integration of these women. The research is based on documents from personal finds, the women’s publications, documents from the secret archives of the State Security, memories, and personal testimonies.

społeczność turecka w Bułgarii kobiety z Partii Agrarnej kobiety w nauce bułgarski feminizm Hayriye Memova Mefkure Mollova Tsvetana Tsacheva Rayna Lapardova Dimitrana Ivanova Julia Malinova Turkish community in Bulgaria Agrarian Party women political repressions women in science Bulgarian Feminism represje polityczne reżim totalitarny totalitarian regime

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“It will be a crime if such a person stays in the party and is given a responsible job” (the case of the “unreliable” archivist Maria Konstantinova)

  • Author: Mariyana Piskova
  • Institution: South-West University “Neofti Rilski”, Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria
  • Year of publication: 2023
  • Source: Show
  • Pages: 64-75
  • DOI Address: https://doi.org/10.15804/hso230404
  • PDF: hso/39/hso3904.pdf
  • License: This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the CreativeCommons Attribution license CC BY-NC-ND 4.0.

This paper traces the dramatic fate of Maria Konstantinova, who oversaw the Studios for Chronicles and Documentaries from 1949 to 1951. Her short activity in the archive of Bulgarian cinematography is outlined on the basis of documents from her professional dossier. Some of these documents were required for her appointment while others to provide information about her professional activities, or they are statements of her punishment. She was persecuted for revealing a “state secret” and negligence, delayed delivery of the film “The Long Way of a Cigarette” (dubbed in Russian), and the resulting “delayed production of a copy for the USSR”. Furthermore, in anonymous and signed reports, Maria Konstantinova was accused of financial abuse, immoral behaviour, a “grossly corrupt bohemian past”, “lesbian relationships with girlfriends”, “drunkenness and playing poker with men, and especially with women”...

nadużycia artystki abuses women artists Bulgaria homoseksualizm homosexuality komunizm communism

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“I am not waiting for money. I just want vindication and a basic apology”. Policies of “rehabilitation” of the Pomaks from Blagoevgrad region after the fall of the communist regime

  • Author: Anastasiya Pashova
  • Institution: South-West University “Neofit Rilski” in Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria
  • Author: Petar Vodenicharov
  • Institution: South-West University “Neofit Rilski” in Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria
  • ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-4490
  • Year of publication: 2023
  • Source: Show
  • Pages: 76-94
  • DOI Address: https://doi.org/10.15804/hso230405
  • PDF: hso/39/hso3905.pdf
  • License: This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the CreativeCommons Attribution license CC BY-NC-ND 4.0.

In 1991, Bulgaria adopted the Law on Civil and Political Rehabilitation of Persons Repressed under Communism. The law came into force only in 1993 and continued until 1996. The article critically analyses the law and points out its undemocratic character in relation to the Pomaks, victims of the violant assimilation, the so called “revival” process. The Ordinance to the Law puts the victims in the position of seeking proof of innocence from the same repressive authorities that persecuted and killed them. The approved, but mostly rejected Decisions of the Municipal, District and Central Commissions, are analyzed and kept in the State Archive – Blagoevgrad (SAB) and Central State Archive – Sofia (CSA). The article traces the tendency of the Commissions to reject applications for rehabilitation of Pomaks, affected by the worst cases of murder and imprisonment during the name change.

obrzezanie rehabilitacja polityczna i obywatelska Pomacy circumcision political and civil rehabilitation Pomaks Bulgaria kryminalizacja criminalisation repression represje prawo Law

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Suffering into patrimony: dealing with communist repression in postcommunist Romania

  • Author: Claudia-Florentina Dobre
  • Institution: “Nicolae Iorga” Institute of History, Bucharest, Romania
  • ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6778-3466
  • Year of publication: 2023
  • Source: Show
  • Pages: 95-113
  • DOI Address: https://doi.org/10.15804/hso230406
  • PDF: hso/39/hso3906.pdf
  • License: This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the CreativeCommons Attribution license CC BY-NC-ND 4.0.

Analyses of communist repression in post-communist Romania focused on anticommunism and its totemic figures. Laws, institutions and people promote this perspective, transforming the suffering of the formerly politically persecuted into a patrimony meant to be preserved and passed on. On the official level, the anticommunist paradigm gained momentum in December 2006 when the communist regime was condemned as ‘criminal and illegitimate’. However, a majority of the population have not embraced the official approach to communism as the fallen regime still acts as a ‘millieu de memoire’ (as defined by Pierre Nora). My article deals with the main institutions and laws which aimed at promoting and transmitting the memory of repression in post-communist Romania. Analyzing the memory politics as regards the communist repression might provide fresh insight into the ongoing process of building a cultural memory through selection, reconstruction and adjusting figures, deeds, and memorial items.

więźniowie polityczni political prisoners pamięć kulturowa postkomunizm repression represje anticommunism antykomunizm komunizm post–communism communism cultural memory

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Nicolae Iorga as everybody’s political ally in post-communist Romania

  • Author: Georgiana Țăranu
  • Institution: Ovidius University of Constanța
  • ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7366-5869
  • Year of publication: 2023
  • Source: Show
  • Pages: 114-139
  • DOI Address: https://doi.org/10.15804/hso230407
  • PDF: hso/39/hso3907.pdf
  • License: This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the CreativeCommons Attribution license CC BY-NC-ND 4.0.

This chapter discusses how the memory of an influential figure of modern Romania’s history like Nicolae Iorga (1871–1940), a foremost historian-politician and nationalist intellectual, became instrumental in the three decades following the end of communism by politicians. As he is considered the father of Romanian nationalism and a symbol of the nationalist struggle on the eve of WWI, Iorga’s memory in contemporary Romania allows us to examine nationalism in politics. In the research, a qualitative approach was adopted to the subject by dealing with discourses and initiatives produced by politicians as agents of memory in post-communist Romania. By looking at the various strategies of remembrance used after 1989 by these memory entrepreneurs, the research investigates the politicians who honoured Iorga, the purpose of their engagement in such politics of memory, and what this says about how post-communist politics, nationalism and memory mingled.

strategie pamięci instrumentalizacja pamięci strategies of remembrance instrumentalization of memory Nicolae Iorga postkomunizm polityka politics post–communism

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Charakterystyka postaci i dorobku Andrzeja Wędzkiego (1927–2017), slawisty, regionalisty i kolekcjonera

  • Author: Wojciech Mądry
  • Institution: Zakład Historii Instytutu Slawistyki PAN
  • ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5078-9714
  • Year of publication: 2023
  • Source: Show
  • Pages: 140-162
  • DOI Address: https://doi.org/10.15804/hso230408
  • PDF: hso/39/hso3908.pdf
  • License: This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the CreativeCommons Attribution license CC BY-NC-ND 4.0.

Profile of Andrzej Wędzki (1927–2017), a Slavist, regionalist, and collector. This article analyses the directions of Andrzej Wędzki’s scholarly activities, his contribution to the study of early Slavic history, settlement, and the formation of cities in Central Europe.

wczesna Słowiańszczyzna slawistyka regionalistyka kolekcjonerstwo early Slavic studies Slavic studies collecting microhistory mikrohistoria regional studies settlement osadnictwo historia history

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Antysemityzm na Uniwersytecie Stefana Batorego w Wilnie

  • Author: Maciej Michalski
  • Institution: Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
  • ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7738-9865
  • Year of publication: 2023
  • Source: Show
  • Pages: 165-182
  • DOI Address: https://doi.org/10.15804/hso230409
  • PDF: hso/39/hso3909.pdf
  • License: This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the CreativeCommons Attribution license CC BY-NC-ND 4.0.

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Konferencja „Rethinking Ukraine and Europe”, Wilno, 15–17 września 2023 roku

  • Author: Krystian Galiński
  • Institution: student II stopnia, II roku humanistyki w szkole, międzywydziałowych studiów nauczycielskich
  • Year of publication: 2023
  • Source: Show
  • Pages: 185-191
  • DOI Address: https://doi.org/10.15804/hso230410
  • PDF: hso/39/hso3910.pdf
  • License: This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the CreativeCommons Attribution license CC BY-NC-ND 4.0.

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