Issue 2

Contents

  • Author: The Editors
  • Year of publication: 2020
  • Source: Show
  • Pages: 3-4
  • DOI Address: -
  • PDF: ppsy/49-2/ppsy20202toc.pdf

Polish Political Science Yearbook, 49(2). Published online: June 30, 2020. The Polish Political Science Yearbook is international peer-reviewed journal indexed in: American Bibliography of Slavic and East European Studies (ABSEES) Online, BazHum, Central and Eastern European Online Library, Central European Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (cejsh.icm.edu.pl), Columbia International Affairs Online, Cosmos Impact Factor, Directory of Open Access Journals, Electronic Journals Library, ERIH Plus, Gale PowerSearch, Google Scholar, HeinOnline, IBR – International Bibliography of Book Reviews of Scholarly Literature on the Humanities and Social Sciences, IBZ – International Bibliography of Periodical Literature on the Humanities and Social Sciences, ICI Journals Master List, International Political Science Abstracts, Open Academic Journals Index, POL-Index (Polska Bibliografia Naukowa) and The Lancaster Index.

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Editorial

  • Author: Akmal Saidov
  • Institution: National Centre on Human Rights of the Republic of Uzbekistan (Uzbekistan)
  • Author: Marifjon Usmanov
  • Institution: National Centre on Human Rights of the Republic of Uzbekistan (Uzbekistan)
  • Year of publication: 2020
  • Source: Show
  • Pages: 5-8
  • DOI Address: https://doi.org/10.15804/ppsy2020201
  • PDF: ppsy/49-2/ppsy2020201.pdf

Uzbekistan: A State Undergoing Total Reconstruction

  • Author: Tadeusz Bodio
  • Institution: University of Warsaw
  • ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8873-7434
  • Year of publication: 2020
  • Source: Show
  • Pages: 11-40
  • DOI Address: https://doi.org/10.15804/ppsy2020202
  • PDF: ppsy/49-2/ppsy2020202.pdf

This study attempts to demonstrate the reform strategies implemented in the last three years in Uzbekistan. The author focuses on analyzing the implementation of five priorities of this strategy - the dialogue between the authorities and society, human resources and management system, economy and social sphere, security and foreign policy. He devotes a great deal of attention to present the image of the architect of these reforms - the president of the state. The author emphasizes that the style of exercising power, including the implementation of reforms by Shavkat Mirziyoyev, fits into the model of transformational leadership. It is a reforming, missionary, and servant (national) leadership tailored to the expectations and aspirations of the society, but also burdened with high risk, regardless of the starting conditions for the reconstruction of the state.

Shavkat Mirziyoyev leadership style state reconstruction strategy political dialogue human resources and management system economy and social sphere security and foreign policy Uzbekistan

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Conceptualizing the Theoretical Category of Neo-militant Democracy: The Case of Hungary

  • Author: Joanna Rak
  • Institution: Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań (Poland)
  • ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0505-3684
  • Year of publication: 2020
  • Source: Show
  • Pages: 61-70
  • DOI Address: https://doi.org/10.15804/ppsy2020204
  • PDF: ppsy/49-2/ppsy2020204.pdf

The article aims to formulate a theoretical category of neo-militant democracy that applies to study the nature and dynamics of democratic regimes after the 2008 economic crisis. It conducts an empirical test to verify the analytical effectiveness of the redeveloped category. The test takes a form of the case study of the Hungarian political system. Apart from a verification-objective, the research aims to identify and account for the dynamics of the Hungarian regime in terms of the neo-militant democracy principle. The qualitative method of source analysis serves to collect data on the processes of becoming neo-militant democracy. The selection of sources is deliberate and oriented on finding information about the implementation of neo-militant democracy measures in Hungary (2008-2019). The technique of qualitative content analysis applies to identify the nature of these processes. The theoretical tool is the category of neo-militant democracy, which simultaneously undergoes the empirical test. The main argument is that the process of becoming neo-militant democracy took a traditional form since the Hungarian neo-militant democracy principle drew on the traditional means introduced by Loewenstein rather than innovations advanced by the current research

hybrid regime Karl Loewenstein militant democracy political regime authoritarianism Hungary

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Political Process, Crisis and Legitimacy in Poland

  • Author: Hector Calleros
  • Institution: University of Warsaw (Poland)
  • ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5689-5075
  • Year of publication: 2020
  • Source: Show
  • Pages: 71-91
  • DOI Address: https://doi.org/10.15804/ppsy2020205
  • PDF: ppsy/49-2/ppsy2020205.pdf

The paper examines the conflict over the control of the integration of Poland’s Constitutional Tribunal (CT) that evolved into a constitutional crisis in October 2015 - and has extended for more than two years. It identifies issues that help understand how the Polish Democracy does not impede the erosion of constitutional democracy as the conflict has undermined the CT and the function of judicial review (JR). The article examines issues of legitimacy that emerge from the crisis; it also examines the extent to which the institutional settings condition the operation of the JR function; in particular, it looks at the role of executive actors (the Government and the President), and the role of the political/parliamentary party in bridging the separation of powers.

constitutional democracy judicial review political process legitimacy Poland Constitutional Tribunal,

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Where Does the Buck Stop with the Backstop? The Irish-UK Border in Brexit Negotiations: June 2016-January 2019

  • Author: Paul McNamara
  • Institution: Technical University of Koszalin (Poland)
  • ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1688-1709
  • Year of publication: 2020
  • Source: Show
  • Pages: 92-126
  • DOI Address: https://doi.org/10.15804/ppsy2020206
  • PDF: ppsy/49-2/ppsy2020206.pdf

The abject failure of British Prime Minister Theresa May to get the United Kingdom’s (UK) Withdrawal Agreement from the European Union (EU) through Parliament on 15 January 2019, with MPs overwhelmingly rejecting it by 432 votes to 202, has been put down to a variety of reasons. Primary among them has been the question of the post-Brexit status of the land border between the Republic of Ireland and the UK’s province of Northern Ireland. Although an issue which was initially seen as of minor importance, the significance of the Irish border steadily grew over time until it became the main stumbling block in UKEU Brexit negotiations brought about by the decision of the British people to leave the EU in a referendum held on 23 June 2016. Indeed, the key term of the ensuing debate, namely ‘the Irish backstop’, produced such confusion among politicians, political pundits and the general public that the House of Commons, split between so-called Brexiteers and Remainers, decided to reject May’s deal out of hand. This article seeks to argue that, from June 2016 (the time of the referendum) up to January 2019 (the time of the first vote on May’s Brexit deal in Parliament), the issue of the Irish backstop was seriously underestimated before suddenly taking centre stage and ultimately sabotaging the Withdrawal Agreement from within.

Northern Ireland Republic of Ireland negotiations border backstop Brexit European Union United Kingdom

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Space Defense in Europe. Policy and Security Aspects

  • Author: Małgorzata Polkowska
  • Institution: War Studies University
  • ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6633-2222
  • Year of publication: 2020
  • Source: Show
  • Pages: 127-139
  • DOI Address: https://doi.org/10.15804/ppsy2020207
  • PDF: ppsy/49-2/ppsy2020207.pdf

Today countries participating in space activities, share serious concerns about militarization of space. The defense of space can become an important issue in the international arena, because counteracting emerging threats will probably be associated not only with the development of technology and operational capabilities, but also with the creation of political alliances or attempts at international agreement on certain “rules of the game” for space operations. Ultimately, the growing importance of “space for defense” creates the need for “defense of space”. Individual countries remain the main actors in the field of space defense. Military strategies are defined at national level, and the development and exploitation of military space assets are managed by national organizations. Today, most European countries recognize space as a strategic area, next to land, sea, air and, increasingly, cyberspace, but they have adopted different policies and doctrines depending on their sensitivity, priorities and concerns. European space forces also have different governance structures with significant differences in the distribution of roles and responsibilities, including space agencies and private entities.

space capabilities space security Space Situational Awareness space Defense

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Studying Political Violence Using Game Theory Models: Research Approaches and Assumptions

  • Author: Mateusz Wajzer
  • Institution: University of Silesia in Katowice (Poland)
  • ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3108-883X
  • Author: Monika Cukier-Syguła
  • Institution: University of Silesia in Katowice (Poland)
  • ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6211-3500
  • Year of publication: 2020
  • Source: Show
  • Pages: 143-157
  • DOI Address: https://doi.org/10.15804/ppsy2020208
  • PDF: ppsy/49-2/ppsy2020208.pdf

The purpose of the paper is to concisely present basic applications of game theory models for a scientific description of political violence. The paper is divided into four parts. The first part discusses the key theoretical issues including: the assumption of the players’ rationality, the assumption of the players’ common knowledge of their rationality, the Nash equilibrium concept, Pareto optimality, the Nash arbitration scheme and the concept of evolutionarily stable strategies. The second and third parts contain examples of uses of selected models of classical and evolutionary games in the studies on political violence. The following two interaction schemes were used to that end: the Prisoner’s Dilemma and Chicken. The paper ends with a summary and discussion. The key feature of the discussed models is their methodological simplicity, as demonstrated by the lack of need to use complicated mathematical methods. This is why the paper is mainly addressed to individuals who had not studied game theory before or who have insufficient knowledge in the field to conduct own studies.

Chicken game Prisoner’s Dilemma game evolutionary models classical models game theory political violence

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Generationally Diversified Labor Groups in Contemporary Labor Market. A Chance or a Threat for Organizations?

  • Author: Rafał Muster
  • Institution: University of Silesia (Poland)
  • ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8255-7803
  • Year of publication: 2020
  • Source: Show
  • Pages: 170-188
  • DOI Address: https://doi.org/10.15804/ppsy2020210
  • PDF: ppsy/49-2/ppsy2020210.pdf

Demographic changes connected with aging of Polish society shall determine the situation in the labor market to an ever-growing extent. The increase of average lifespan in combination with limited options of early retirement and smaller supply of employees shall lead to higher percentage of personnel aged 60 and more inside organizations. All these factors signify that more and more frequently contemporary companies shall function with personnel characterized by a truly large age gap. Undoubtedly, age of employees significantly influences their attitude to work, system of values, loyalty toward both the co-workers and the employer, as well their professional ambitions. In spite of these major differences, individuals from various generations will be forced to cooperate in the same teams. This article presents partial results of empiric studies dealing with the issue of generational diversification of human resources conducted in local labor market of the city of Ruda Śląska, both among the employees and employers. Opinions of employees and employers concerning the quality of mutual cooperation of individuals characterized by large age differences have been analyzed and simultaneously potential opportunities for mutual learning of employees belonging to different age groups have been presented.

cooperation of individuals belonging to various age groups aging of society generations labor market

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Handbook of Social Science Methodology for Students and Course Instructors

  • Author: Joanna Rak
  • Institution: Adam Mickiewicz University (Poland)
  • ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0505-3684
  • Year of publication: 2020
  • Source: Show
  • Pages: 191–193
  • DOI Address: https://doi.org/10.15804/ppsy2020211
  • PDF: ppsy/49-2/ppsy2020211.pdf

Book review: Dawn Brancati, Social Scientific Research, SAGE Publications, Los Angeles, London, New Delhi, Singapore, Washington DC, Melbourne 2018, pp. 384.

Mass Media as “Fourth Power” and International Security

  • Author: Kamila Rezmer-Płotka
  • Institution: Nicolaus Copernicus University (Poland)
  • ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1458-5076
  • Year of publication: 2020
  • Source: Show
  • Pages: 194-195
  • DOI Address: https://doi.org/10.15804/ppsy2020212
  • PDF: ppsy/49-2/ppsy2020212.pdf

Book review: Jarosław Wiśnicki, Czwarta władza w kontekście konfliktów zbrojnych i ataków terrorystycznych, Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek, Toruń 2018, pp. 249.

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Maritime Biodiversity from the French State’s Perspective

  • Author: Joanna Siekiera
  • Institution: University of Bergen (Norway)
  • ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0125-9121
  • Year of publication: 2020
  • Source: Show
  • Pages: 199-202
  • DOI Address: https://doi.org/10.15804/ppsy2020213
  • PDF: ppsy/49-2/ppsy2020213.pdf

“Together, protecting marine biodiversity: know how to act” was the French governmental conference organized by three ministries in Paris on 12 March 2020. Ministry of Higher Education, Research and Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Alimentation, and Ministry for the Ecological and Inclusive Transition along with two research think tanks, Ifremer and OFB have organized the “day of biodiversity”. Participants were mostly researchers, governmental and local officials, business leaders, fishermen, representatives of associations and foundations, all from France. Thus, the language of the conference was French. The conference took place in the 13th century Collège of Bernardins, a former Cistercian college of the historic University of Paris. Experts and audience shared reflections and discussions on major research issues on ocean change, as well as the French position towards global maritime policy in order to find proposals for sustainable management and protection of the ocean.

ocean change French territories ocean maritime biodiversity climate change France

A Lioness Turned into a Fox. A Political Realist View of Myanmar’s Aung San Suu Kyi

  • Author: Michał Lubina
  • Institution: Jagiellonian University (Poland)
  • ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3342-1763
  • Year of publication: 2020
  • Source: Show
  • Pages: 41-57
  • DOI Address: https://doi.org/10.15804/ppsy2020203
  • PDF: ppsy/49-2/ppsy2020203.pdf

For long Aung San Suu Kyi has been considered a global hero. After 2012, however, that deification has given way to condemnation. Suu Kyi was a hero; a hero who after 2012 betrayed the alleged values. The reason of this radical change of perception is the fact that until 2012 Suu Kyi had been considered a personification of idealism in politics and for “betraying” these values she has been criticized since then. This article claims that both mentioned discourses on Suu Kyi miss the point and are being built on wrong assumptions. Contrary to popular belief Suu Kyi has always been a politician; more: a realist politician. Therefore, the aspects that should be questioned are not whether is she a good or bad one or whether she turned away from the people or even whether she has changed or not, etc. The question is, whether she is a skillful politician – she must be judged by the ethic of responsibility. Suu Kyi’s tactics evolved according with changing political circumstances – she combined two archetypes of political behavior: that of a “lion”, or rather “lioness” and that of a “fox”. That itself shows one thing: Suu Kyi possesses prudence, the ultimate political value.

Aung San Suu Kyi Myanmar Burma individuals in politics political realism

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Recognition of National Football Federations and the Diplomatic Role of FIFA

  • Author: Michał Marcin Kobierecki
  • Institution: University of Łódź, (Poland)
  • ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8180-5710
  • Year of publication: 2020
  • Source: Show
  • Pages: 158–169
  • DOI Address: https://doi.org/10.15804/ppsy2020209
  • PDF: ppsy/49-2/ppsy2020209.pdf

The paper refers to the category of sports diplomacy and aims to investigate the issue of diplomatic subjectivity of international sports organizations, by the example of FIFA and its prerogative to grant membership to national football federations. Such processes on some occasions are connected to political and diplomatic significance, particularly in relation to states without universal international recognition, for whom participation in international sport is an important tool in their struggle for legitimization. The research question that the author attempts to answer is whether membership of national sports organization in the international sports federations can be meaningful from the perspective of the state’s endeavors toward securing international recognition. The hypothesis stated that the prerogative of international sports bodies such as FIFA to recognize national sports federations enhances their diplomatic subjectivity.

FIFA legitimization sport and politics sports diplomacy

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