Contents
- Year of publication: 2021
- Source: Show
- Pages: 3-4
- DOI Address: -
- PDF: rop/15/rop15toc.pdf
The article analyses modern populism as a challenge to liberal democracy in terms of the activities of right-wing and left-wing political parties. An important factor in the growth of populism is the lack of effectiveness of constitutionalism and other formal limited institutions, procedures to ensure the principles of people’s sovereignty, democracy, justice, guarantee the interests of the majority in the modern world. It is noted that populism emerged in the late 19th century as a social movement, ideology, and political activity, and since then has firmly taken its place in the political consciousness of the masses, gaining new features and intensifying at times when countries are experiencing turning points in their history. The main factors in the growth of populism include the insufficient effectiveness of the institutions of indirect democracy in modern consolidated democracies. Another reason for the rise of populism is related to the tendency of ideological deradicalization, which manifested itself in the activities of different parties. Today, populism does not have a developed fundamental theoretical background and conceptual texts like nationalism and conservatism. However, it has a holistic structure as a political phenomenon and a set of ideological positions. The goal of modern populism is the introduction of “illiberal democracy” – a government that ensures smooth transformation of people’s preferences into public policy (unlike liberal democracies, which are almost always hindered by certain obstacles to responding effectively to pressing problems). From this point of view, populism is not a threat to democracy as such, but the leading liberal version of democracy. The possibilities of constitutionalism are treated with scepticism in the populist ideology, as formal, limited institutions and procedures prevent the majority from executing their will. Liberal democracy is not strong enough and constantly needs strengthening elements in response to new challenges and threats. But liberal democracy, more than any other political form, contains the potential for development, a synergistic resource, and the power of self-correction. A strong parliament and a developed civil society remain effective counterweight to populism.
populist parties parliamentarism Populism democracy liberalism
The article considers public security as a component of national security. Public security is one of the priorities of state policy in the field of national security. Successful public safety is the implementation of a set of measures in the field of landscaping: installation of traffic lights in appropriate public places, construction of underpasses, construction of indoor stops for citizens waiting for the arrival of public transport, etc. A well-thought-out system of planning and construction of settlements or public places, maintaining them in good condition, which promotes work and recreation of citizens, reduces the degree of threat to public safety from the occurrence of unexpected and dangerous situations. And neglect of public amenities can lead to favorable conditions for those who commit offenses and encroach on public safety. A special place is occupied by local governments, they are the closest power to the population, have the necessary powers and resources to attract citizens to maintain public order, increase their social activity in creating decent living conditions in a given area. The state defines local self-government as an independent level of government to which the people are entitled. First of all, it presupposes the organizational separation and independence of local self-government from state power, its independence in resolving issues of local importance, but independence within its own powers, as provided by the constitution. The main powers of local governments to ensure public safety and public order include: monitoring compliance with the law in the territory; application of measures of state coercion (usually, it is a question of bringing to administrative responsibility for the offenses connected with local government); protection of public order, carried out mainly by the police; ensuring the safety of citizens. Accordingly, local governments may be endowed with additional powers in the field of public order and protection of citizens’ rights. Protecting the rights of citizens is an important component of ensuring security both at the individual level and at the level of the entire state. The sense of security that is transmitted inside and outside the country can be considered part of the attractiveness of the image of the country abroad.
powers of local self-government bodies public safety national security security
Legal heritage, as well as the law in general, cannot exist without a subject, by whose will they are created. Accordingly, the subject of legal heritage can be considered as a legal actor - the source of all legal activity, from which come legal acts, legal actions, deeds and in general legal development and other. Preservation and usage of legal heritage depends on the subjects of legal heritage, which ensures the existence of national law through the translation of legal meanings embedded in the legal institutions, in the accumulated legal experience.
big legal tradition small legal tradition transmission of legal heritage subject recipient subject translator legal heritage
While reforming of the Ukrainian state, an important part of ensuring the social process is gender issues, providing equal opportunities for self-realization of a person regardless of gender, age, nationality or social origin. In accordance with the Millennium Development Goals adopted by the world community in 2000, one of the priorities of international development and indicators of social and economic development is ensuring gender equality. The implementation of gender equality ideas contributes to the effective use of human potential and, consequently, to the expansion of human development opportunities. Studying the processes of creation and implementation of gender policy in public administration is one of the new areas of research at the current stage of state formation. Its relevance is due to the processes of democratization of the Ukrainian society and search for ways to increase the effectiveness of public policy concerning equal rights and opportunities for women and men. Nowadays it is paid considerable attention to gender equality aspects by many international organizations. Thus, the United Nations (UN) has developed a number of global Sustainable Development Goals (CDGs) for 2015-2030, which were approved in 2015 at the UN Summit on Sustainable Development and which now all countries are committed to. The fifth of the seventeen CDGs is to achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls. In 2017, the Government of Ukraine presented the “Sustainable Development Goals: Ukraine” national report, which addresses gender equality as an essential task. It is emphasized that in Ukraine it is necessary to create conditions for elimination of all women discrimination forms. In this regard the relevant objectives and basic indicators for their achievement have been identified. Despite the fact that the world pays more and more attention to research in the field of gender equality, in Ukraine this issue remains one of the marginal segments in the public administration science. Therefore a systematic study of the formation of a gender-balanced staff at local executive bodies is becoming important. It is the management staff of local executive bodies that is sharply criticized; its mistakes and misjudgments significantly affect the standard of living, the welfare of citizens of a particular administrative-territorial unit, and the image and authority of government and the state as a whole. In the article it is analyzed the principles and mechanisms of state gender policy in Ukraine in the social and labor area, in particular in the civil service, it is studied the latest changes in the legal framework on gender issues, and it is described the existing legal issues that slow the further development of gender integration in all spheres of public administration, it is developed proposals to improve gender policy legal framework at the current stage.
gender law equal rights and opportunities gender policy gender equality public services gender Discrimination
Fragile states have several key characteristics: (1) uncertain control of territory and/or not having full control of legitimate use of force; (2) decline in legitimacy of collective and authoritative government decisions; (3) difficulties with providing public goods and services; (4) problems with interacting with other states as a member of the larger international community. Data on The Fund for Peace’s Fragile State Index from 2016 are used to measure the dependent variable. The independent variables of interest are health and nutrition, to determine if these factors-as influences on citizens’ behavior-would have anything to do with fragility. This paper, then, explores the role of two biosocial variables in affecting degree of fragility. Results are discussed as well as implications.
The inclusiveness of education drives sustainable public relations for reliable crime statistics report is determined by power play among critical actors in the sector whose interest are dichotomized into vested and entrenched interests that shaped public opinion on education and crime rate. Access to education can only be inclusive when all stakeholders are involved in its planning, execution and delivery of knowledge in a manner that does not discriminate in access and delivery. However, there is a disconnect between what knowledge is allowed to feed public opinion using public relations by the entrenched and vested interest in the education and law enforcement sectors. While clamor for inclusive education heighten across social class, the cost component of access is not accessible to all. Therefore, the paper argues that deepening equity and inclusiveness in education and law enforcement will neither allow access discrimination nor spurious reportage within the public domain using public relations. It further posits that disparage public opinion on education and law enforcement using public relation mutilate reality and creates false impression that negatively affect planning and development. Edwin Sutherland (1947)`s Differential Association-reinforcement theory of criminal behavior provided the framework while the design was exploratory. Qualitative data was purposively gathered from National Open University of Nigeria (NOUN), University of Abuja (UA), and Divisional Police Headquarters Lugbe. The preliminary fi ndings reveal that equity and inclusive education is necessary sustain objective public relation that will not misguide professional and public on crime statistics in Nigeria.
Crime statistics law enforcement interests Nigeria inclusive education public relations
The aim of this article is to present the main motives, assumptions and dimensions of the US foreign policy towards the People’s Republic of China during the Trump presidency. The essence and purposefulness of the slogans, threats and attacks used by Donald Trump. Checking useness of the slogans „America First” and „make America great again” in the 2016 election campaign and while in office; their implications for the most serious structural competitor in the international arena, which is already the People’s Republic of China on many levels. In the author’s opinion, the turn of successive US presidential offices towards the PRC and the Asia-Pacific region in recent years is dictated not only by economic factors, but also by a wide range of collision paths and serves to maintain the position of the US hegemon in the region in the face of the growing power of the PRC. When Trump took office in 2017, he used the Chinese threat as the cornerstone of foreign policy. To illustrate the nature of the involvement of the Trump against PRC the focus was on the dimensions of the analyzed issue: mainly diplomatic and mutual economic relations , especially blast of trade war and less military aspects. Article shows what measures were applied under the so-called the trade war between the US and the PRC and the evolution of the measures used. The continuity of US-China relations by successive presidents was also noted, and it was considered whether the relations are clearly doomed to confrontation. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the manifestations of the changes taking place in US foreign policy during the Trump presidency. The hypothesis of the work is that the American turn towards the PRC is inevitable, and it is dictated to a large extent not only by purely economic factors, but this turn serves to maintain the strong position of the US in the region in the face of the growing imperialist tendencies of Chinese power. Analysing the most important affairs allows to identify and understand the main principles of the United States’ actual foreign policy.
foreign policy Donald Trump the United States of America offensive realism economic protectionism The People‘s Republic of China
The relationship between the two countries has been a complex and diverse subject of investigation and contemplation. The interconnection between the two countries can be described by the following central notions, such as economic cooperation, rivalry in terms of status acquisition of global hegemonic power, particularly in the Pacific region and beyond controversy mutual suspicion over each other’s intentions. Therefore, it is clearly justified that each state has elaborated and adopted a specific manner of conduct and attitude regarding each other as a potential adversary but has meanwhile maintained an extremely strong economic partnership. It is fair to state, that the relationship between both countries has been described by multiple world leaders and academics as the world’s most significant bilateral relationship of the 21st century. Due to the fact that Chinese economy has started to develop increasingly fast and PRC has strengthened its positions on the world’s arena, the United States started to perceive the Middle Kingdom as a direct threat to the established world order in its drive for regional hegemony in East Asia now as well as future aspirant for global supremacy. Beijing, by contrast rejects these notions, and continues its assertive policies and its quest for allies.
global hegemony regional security world politics containment policy threat global governance United States China international relations
The article identifies the special significance of state reserves for purposes of ensuring the national security of Ukraine. Established the main purpose of state reserves as a set of strategic reserves of the state to overcome the effects of risk factors. A review and analysis of recent domestic publications on this topic was done. The main definitions of state reserves are found. Established that the existing definitions of state reserves have, mainly, the material and economic plane of understanding. The author’s definition of state reserves was derived and proposed. It was noted that the definition should also contain an institutional and organizational component. The main structural components of state reserve are considered, among which the mobilization reserve, reserves to meet the strategic needs of the country and reserves to perform priority work during emergency response are identified. The peculiarity of the process of state reserve management is studied, where such classical components as normative-legal, institutional and organizational are singled out. A number of normative legal acts were analyzed, which regulate the basic principles of formation, use and disposal of state reserve of Ukraine, as well as the principles of activity of the State Reserve. Established that the institutional component of state reserve management process is embodied in the State Reserve, which is the central body of executive power. The relevance of the thesis that activity of the State Reserve as an active subject of economic processes is one of the main elements of state reserves management is also proved. The content of the process of managing the state reserve is revealed through the need to stabilize the socio-economic situation both in conditions of uncertainty and the consequences of emergencies, and in the normal functioning of the state economy. The essence of process of state reserve management is defined as the rational use of material and technical values that form the strategic reserve of state, in order to regulate economic development in normal socio-economic conditions or quickly overcome the negative consequences of man-made or natural emergencies as well as the consequences of martial law.
formation of state reserve institutional support state administration strategic reserve state reserve national security
In the years since Ukraine’s independence, attention has been paid to defense capability of the country, but reforming the national defense sector has been falling behind current needs. The Ukrainian course towards the European community and NATO membership predetermines the advancement of all spheres of public life, including training of officer personnel of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, its education and career progress. The reform of military education requires introducing new academic programs that permit training modern-type officers - military managers, who can constructively interpret theoretical materials, the experience of domestic and foreign scientists and implement them in their practical activities. Against the backdrop of the reform of military education, one of the most important tasks of higher military education involves not only training highly-qualified specialists but also the conformity of their knowledge with international standards that will allow them to be competitive both at the domestic and international labor markets and be compatible with NATO partners. The introduction of practical management experience as management methodology for the relevant system into military medicine will drive the formation of the requirements for organizing the training of specifically qualified personnel. The training of a manager and leader under the dictatorship (authoritarian) principle is passing into history; there is a need for a military manager as a prototype of an intelligent and wise leader. With the advent and expansion of such a control system as management, the following question has arisen sporadically: what is the difference between management and administration? The objective of management is to increase the profitability of business and production activities, i.e., gaining profit. The objective of administration, in particular, state or public, is to regulate social relations, which would be convenient and beneficial to the use of business and all citizens of the state in their day-to-day operations. Management objectives prescribe the features of management methodology which relies on the guiding principle: public administration adopts methodology and action procedure, which is defined by current legislation, and management adopts methodology and action procedure, which is not prohibited by law. Consequently, military administration is close to public administration in terms of the mentioned methodological principle since it is regulated by statutory acts and the system of orders allowed by the relevant laws in force. Thus, heightened attention to the enhancement of military administration is more important than using the terms “military management” and “military manager” within the system of military administration.
state administration military medical service military medical head career military education military personnel
This article is devoted to the analysis of historical and legal aspects of payment of income from advocacy in Ukraine. A study of the history of the establishment of such an institution as the bar, the procedure for remuneration for the work of a lawyer, the formation of his income and their legal consolidation. Attention was also paid to the peculiarities of the payment of mandatory fees by bar associations (BA), the formation of the tax burden on income from advocacy. In addition, an analysis of tax legislation and legislation governing the payment of the single social contribution and other mandatory payments. Using the method of analysis and synthesis, ten stages of the formation of the bar, which directly affected the forms and types of income from advocacy and the enshrinement in law of mandatory payments for these activities and their compatibility with income. It is determined that the first stage of such formation occurred in 1917–1918, when lawyers began to receive income from their professional activities; second stage (1918–1919) – the income of a lawyer in the boards was in the form of wages; the third stage (1919–1922) – creation of legislative bases of taxation of lawyer’s activity; the fourth stage (1922–1929) – the transition of the Ukrainian Bar (UB) to collective forms of work; the fifth stage (1929–1931) – the abolition of private practice; the sixth stage (1931–1932) – the bit-share form of payment of work of lawyers is formed; the seventh stage (1932–1960) – introduction of the system of self-financing; the eighth stage (1960–1980) – change of understanding and concept of activity of lawyers; ninth stage (1980–1991) – lawyers are exempt from taxation; the tenth stage – since 1991, the formation of the legislation of independent Ukraine, different approaches to the taxation of income from advocacy, which depends on the choice of lawyers appropriate system of taxation and form of advocacy, as well as excessive tax pressure.
In the current dynamic world the strategic communications (STRATCOM) mean a comprehensive process which is aimed at developing, promoting, and distributing the required narratives and messages of any organization in order to form and ensure its positive image, inform counterparts (adversaries) and target audiences of the organization’s intents and positions, main tasks and achievements. While implementing the STRATCOM, it is very important to remember about their main rules and principles which are unique for both security and defence sector and business. Unfortunately, in the current “hybrid” measurement sometimes we should realize the effectiveness of the SC activities, thus it is necessary to define the measurements of effectiveness and performance for effective evaluation of activities. Ukraine has been repelling the aggression in the Eastern Ukraine since 2014 within massive hybrid warfare against it. This fact has caused the initiating a range of reform and innovative processes in Ukraine. Since then, we have known about the STRATCOM in Ukraine. In (Historical retrospective analysis of formation and development of strategic communications in security and defence sector of Ukraine) we have analyzed the process of development of the SC in security and defence sector. This process was speeded and pressed up by the warfare. Moreover, it was implemented in line with existing NATO principles and standards. Even the definition and concept of the STRATCOM were taken from the NATO documents. However, the reality reveals the necessity to revise the term definition and consider the implementation of business processes related to communications in security and defence sector. Some nations have already passed through this transformation and changed the approach to their SC. Even NATO Military Policy on Strategic Communications MC 0628 was successfully used until 2014. It is the STRATCOM baseline documents and it needed to be revised (NATO and Strategic Communications. The story so far. The Three Swords Magazine 33/2018. pp. 65–73). In the article the authors make some proposals how to improve the STRATCOM definition and improve the whole process of their realization.
strategic communications narratives effectiveness of public administration manipulation disinformation
Talented youths such as students, professionals, information technology experts, entrepreneurs, cultural workers, and others are now more internationally mobile in the world economy as a delinquent response to new opportunities (and risks) that are offered by globalization. This trend has been reinforced by the greater information flow on economic opportunities and life-styles in different cities and countries across the globe and by lower transportation costs. The burden of this paper is a critical examination of the various dimensions of delinquent international mobility of human capital and its developmental implications on source nations (often developing countries), recipient nations (often rich countries), and on international crime and development. The work is also interested in empirical solution to risk factors against youthful talents and possibilities as imperatives for social mobilization and transformation in a globalized world. The theoretical model for this work shall connect neo-Marxist critical perspective and comparative advantage theory viewed in the light of parsonnian social order model. Finally, the paper will critique social transformation problematic associated with youthful talents not developed and mobilized. Through resourceful literature and empirical models as stated earlier, the possible solutions will emerge. My expectation is to highlight the need for an adequate and cooperative policy response that balances the human resource needs of the source countries and of the receiving countries considering the fact that ethical standards for recruitment and compensation schemes are possible tools to deal with this phenomenon.
and Social transformation Crime Juvenile delinquents Cross-border
Many factors have been adduced to explain why some states become democracies and others not. Accepted variables predicting democracy include education level, economic development, urbanization, communication networks and so on. This paper will explore two biological variables’ role—nutrition level and health status. Comparative data are used to explore the effects of these variables on level of democracy. Implications are discussed.
The scientific article is devoted to the issue of the disclosure of the processes of establishment and development of decentralization and taxation during the times of the Ants State, Kievan Rus and Principality of Galicia-Volhynia, as well as the determination of the relationship between these two processes. Due to the study of the topic of the article through the prism of various historical developments, it is possible to trace the formation and development of the tax institute in the first state institutions on the territory of modern Ukraine, as well as the form of the exercise of the people’s power and its significance in the decision-making of both state-wide decisions and the resolution of issues of local importance. The role and significance of local authorities and issues that could be resolved by the then bodies of the people’s administration are revealed, and at the same time relations between the central authorities and the authorities of territorial communities are covered. Attention is paid to the law enforcement in the development of the people’s administration, taxation and their relationship between the state entities of the investigated historical epochs. Among other things, the article is devoted to establishment of a clear link between the gradual transition of power from the bodies of the people’s rule to the central apparatus in the person of the prince and his surroundings and, as a result, the necessity of permanent resources, at the expense of which it would be possible to keep them. The article analyzes the reasons for the necessity of revenue receipts and the main types of revenue receipts of the time, as well as the bodies on which the duties of tax collection were imposed. Attention is paid to the definition of such tax characteristics as collection bodies, collection form, documentary fixing and further distribution and use of taxes. As a conclusion of the research, the author has formed a table with indication of the basic types of revenue receipts of a given period and level of decentralization in such period, and also has made generalization of the connection of these two processes.
decentralization taxation distribution of power people’s power tax authorities local finance local taxes and fees
The article reveals the issues of modern bilateral legal regulation of labor migration between Ukraine and EU member states. Bilateral cooperation can be considered the most effective, because it takes into account the actual problems between the participants and is focused on specific subjects. The existing agreements are analyzed, their common and distinctive features are singled out, and the advantages and disadvantages of such agreements are revealed. The author substantiates the conclusion in the article that the Association Agreement does not grant Ukrainian citizens the right to free employment on the territory of EU member states and to free movement within the EU for this purpose. Nothing in the Association Agreement can be interpreted as such that acts as a basis for free employment of Ukrainian citizens. The author has analyzed the agreements that are currently in force with the member states of the European Union, and based on this analysis, he derived the author’s classification, which divides the agreements according to their key characteristics. According to the criterion, author distinguished four types of agreements: cooperation agreements (Belgium); migration flow management agreements (Spain); agreements on mutual employment of citizens and labor activity (Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Czech Republic); temporary migration agreements (Portugal). The shortcomings of the relevant agreements and ways to improve the future content of such agreements have been identified. The author established interrelation between the agreements concluded in the same period and also allocated the questions which should be fixed in the future bilateral agreements. The article argues that international treaties governing the protection of the rights of migrant workers and employment regulate the basic procedural issues of employment of foreigners in their territory, the requirements for them, as well as the rights he is granted if such requirements are met. The author also identifi es ways to develop bilateral cooperation between Ukraine and EU member states, paying special attention to the following areas: development of the international legal framework with the member states of the Union; institutional cooperation; implementation of international and European norms and standards.
employment of foreigners EU member states bilateral agreements European Union labor migration
The unrelenting spread of the Corona Virus (Covid-19) pandemic through all nations of the world has sent medical researchers on a frenzied search for a cure. The island nation of Madagascar, in Africa, surprisingly contributed to this global research effort through its ‘Covid Organics syrup’. Presently, though, the Covid Organics syrup is no longer seriously touted as a viable cure for Covid-19. However, its advancement has thrown up issues relating not only to research and development in itself and in herbal remedies, but also on the ability of herbal development to play a role in ensuring sustainable development. The paper reviews these issues and the potentialities of herbal therapy vis-à-vis the global quest for sustainable development.
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Literature is a consequential medium that reflects human phenomena through artistic mode. It helps in recalling past traumatic experiences though more often in a masked form. The memories of the bellicose conflicts are recounted by the victims long after the harrowing events get safely buried in history and no longer accessible to the present. People conventionally forget the source of the trauma yet they recollect it through literary betokens like poems, musical compositions, plays, novels, stories, etc. The literary texts play a vital role in recalling and understanding a particular conflict through the wounded psyche which no historical or any other narratives can reach as efficaciously. This is one of the main reasons why literary discourses rather than historical narratives are comparatively more efficacious in portraying conflicts. This manuscript highlights what literature tells us about a particular conflict that social science literature has missed on. It additionally accentuates how literary discourses of select women writers from Northeast India proved to be more reliable representations of conflicts because they endeavor to capture the unknowable and inexpressible far more efficaciously through tropes and images. The manuscript is unique in the sense that it attempts to establish a periscopic understanding of identity, conflict, and trauma within literary prisms and for this, the manuscript utilizes the inditements of six women writers from northeast India like Arupa Patangia Kalita, Ratna Bharali Talukdar (State of Assam), Temsula Ao, Easterine Iralu (State of Nagaland), Irom Sharmila, and Ningombam Sunita (State of Manipur).
conflict gender identity Literary texts Northeast India Peace and Trauma
The involvement of females in armed robbery operations posed a major concern to the public as well as the female folks. This paper therefore attempted an analysis of the demographic profiles of detained female armed robbery offenders in Lagos State, Nigeria. The paper examined the socio-demographic profiles of detained female armed robbery offenders at the Female Custodian Center of Nigerian Correctional Services, Kirikiri, Panti and Ikeja Police Commands, Lagos State, Nigeria. The study adopted the cross-sectional exploratory research design. The sampling was mainly purposive and the instrument for data collection was questionnaire. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 2.0. The study revealed that female armed robbers are mostly singles within the age brackets of 21-25 years and their educational status was mostly secondary school certificate. It also revealed that the married female armed robbery offenders were married to armed robbers or live-in-lovers to armed robbers. Therefore, the paper concluded that most females in armed robbery were influenced by financial gains. The study therefore recommended that females should be encouraged to focus on educating and empowering themselves rather than getting involved in ‘quick wealth’ criminal activities and depending on handouts from men.
Police Commands Female Demographic profile Correctional Services Armed Robber
In the context of democratic discourse, civil society is given a decisive role in the formation of power and influence on power. However, between the authorities (state and self-governing) and public organizations, as representatives of the interests of civil society, mostly subject-object relations are established, where the subject is the government. The article is devoted to finding an answer to the question: can the model of subject-subject relations between the government and civil society, where both social institutions are equal participants in the political process, have practical application? Analysis of social changes in Western Europe and Ukraine gives grounds to support the point of view of those scholars who consider civil society the basis of the state, a factor that gives a specific character to each state formation, regardless of the generality of democratic processes. At the same time, attention is drawn to the heterogeneity of civil society, which is a barrier to its consolidation and strengthening of subjectivity. There is a noticeable increase in competition between the state and civil society in terms of influencing society, as well as the manipulation of public movements by public authorities to achieve political goals. However, a fairly high level of public confidence in public organizations and the potential for their advocacy allow the use of public influence to activate the population and strengthen the position of civil society in relations with the authorities.
advocacy manipulation public organization public participation political process public administration state power civil society
Current trends in global development (migration processes, hybrid wars, global pandemics, multiculturalism) bring new challenges for nation states. The level of international competitiveness and subjectivity of a modern state depends on the successful positioning of its political brand, secured by the choice of adequate tools for achieving the goals and objectives. This research aims at studying the peculiarities of the public diplomacy resource potential and its use in the process of political branding in Germany. The research methodology combines system and axiological approaches, as well as discourse analysis; this helps to reveal the structural relationships within the brand, and their correlation with the peculiarities of national political and economic development and global trends. The content of the political brand is studied through the prism of the interaction of the public (politics, economics, public administration) and national (mentality, culture, traditions) components that correlate with the level of political and economic development. National political leaders, public and political institutions play a leading role in generating the key message of a state. It is proved that public diplomacy expands the possibilities of successful implementation of economic, political, socio-cultural initiatives of the state, based on partnership and cooperation with representatives of the international community. The main tools of public diplomacy include setting the agenda, synchronization of information messages by government agencies, the use of a wide range of communication channels and special events aimed at building trust and lasting relationships between international actors. The article pays special attention to the study of the content of the branding campaign «Land of Ideas». It presents Germany as an active actor in the international political space, focused on the use of brand-new technologies in all spheres of society to ensure sustainable development. The authors prove that the current branding campaign focuses on economic (sustainable development and citizens’ welfare), technological (technological innovation, energy efficiency, environmental safety), and cultural (dialogue, intercultural communication) aspects. The key ideas of the branding strategy are sustainable economic development, manufacturability and digitalization, environmental friendliness and energy efficiency, partnership dialogue and cooperation. German public authorities are actively involved in the process of political branding, which is carried out at the internal and external levels through public diplomacy. The key ideas of the political brand are presented to the domestic public through constant two-way communication on specialized online platforms, meetings of high-ranking officials with representatives of municipalities, and citizens’ potential is actively involved in various innovative projects. The process of state branding in Germany is synchronized with key global trends – environmental security, climate change issues, energy efficiency. In this context, Chancellor A. Merkel and government agencies are actively cooperating with the EU and other international organizations, participating in forums, summits and online discussions. The experience of German political branding is relevant for other countries in the context of its content, synchronization of government and society, and the use of public diplomacy.
agenda global branding public diplomacy communication channels brand culture political brand
A study of the management of the processes of regulation of remuneration in the context of ensuring the personnel security of enterprises proves that there is a close link between these management objects, which is conditioned by internal and external factors. The structural and functional components of the reference model of wage regulation have been determined, which makes it possible to form an effective motivational mechanism, increase labor productivity, ensure personnel safety and competitiveness of the enterprise. The formed model of regulatory management of remuneration with the definition of synergistic effect allows to determine the sequence of processes on the organization of work of the mechanism of regulation of remuneration in the context of ensuring personnel security. The conducted cluster analysis allows to evaluate the enterprises of the regions of Ukraine by the level of regulation of remuneration and personnel threats.
synergistic effect of self-organization regulatory management personnel safety remuneration
Globally, sociocultural component of social relations weaves into shades of interactions including one existing between Farmers-Herders in their agricultural engagements to generate value that strengthens national integration. Migration pattern and choice expose migrant’s cross-cultural contact without insulating both sides from conflict which however, is a social fact and reality of all social relations. Drawing from the foregoing, the study argues that there is conflict of culturally derived identity interest among returning and settler’s migrants in first contact like in the case of Farmers-Herders, however, is largely a major conflicts driver that endangers sense of patriotism needed for national integration. It further argues that interest quest enables national consciousness and cultural chauvinism and that determines access and denial. However, while a lot of researches have gone into Farmers-Herders contact and conflicts, little of the sociocultural context of their interactions is known in northeast geopolitical zone of Nigeria. Hence, the focus of this study is to examine the sociocultural perspective of farmers-herders conflict as a challenge to national integration. Using Frustration-Aggression theory as framework, the exploratory research adopted qualitative approach to gather data via the conduct of 18 in-depth and 18 key informant interviews on purposively selected respondents two each from the 18 senatorial zones of six states in in North East Nigeria.
Sociocultural Farmer-Herder migration identity conflict National integration
The paper deals with a comprehensive study of translation strategies in English-Ukrainian translation of President Joseph R. Biden’s inaugural address. Political discourse is characterized by its unique features triggering a considerable interest in applied linguistics and translation studies. In brief, political speeches are often delivered by politicians to communicate their messages to the public. They mainly operate as a tool of persuasion, imposing political ideas, beliefs, and practices crucial in constituting a political community. The paper deals with a comprehensive study of translation strategies in English- -Ukrainian translation of President Joseph R. Biden’s inaugural address. Political discourse is characterized by its unique features triggering a considerable interest in applied linguistics and translation studies. In brief, political speeches are often delivered by politicians to communicate their messages to the public. They mainly operate as a tool of persuasion, imposing political ideas, beliefs, and practices crucial in constituting a political community. Translating political speeches can posit serious problems due to their unique features as a special text genre. Appropriate translation methods are needed to ensure a higher quality political speech translation and its adequacy. It has been decided that the best methods for the proposed study were discourse and comparative analyses combined with generalization. The translation techniques employed in the translation of Joseph R. Biden’s inaugural address into Ukrainian include lexical, grammatical, and complex transformations. A comparative analysis of the linguistic means used by both American president and the translator has demonstrated that the source text submitted for translation undergoes interlingual changes to create the text with the same communicative intent in the target language. Syntactic translation transformations are the most dominant ones, followed by lexical and grammatical. Such changes in the translation of the American President’s inaugural address are necessary for better conforming to existing cultural norms and soothing out social, religious, and political differences in English and Ukrainian cultures. Thus, translation is not simply an act of faithful reproduction but, rather, deliberate and conscious creation of secret linguistic and pragmatic codes.
target language communicative intent source text political discourse inaugural address translation strategy
The scientific article covers the problem of the digital transformation impact on the state, individuals, business and society in Russia and the world. An overview of the concept of «digital economy» by leading world experts is given. The authors concluded that, despite all the positive aspects of the transition to the digital economy, the market faces many risks. All of this affects national and global security.
coronavirus challenges and threats national and global security fintech financial market digital transformation information age digital economy digital society
The article studies the legal nature of the introduction of the lawyer’s monopoly in Ukraine. The author notes the introduction of the lawyer’s monopoly in Ukraine had to take four steps. However, at the last stage of the introduction of the lawyer’s monopoly, the legislator amended the procedural codes regulating the course of civil, commercial, and administrative proceedings. With these changes, the legislator expanded the concept “self-representation” by substituting the concept of “representation”. In addition, the legislator brought in a draftto revoke the lawyer’s monopoly which was approved by the Constitutional Court of Ukraine. The scientist states that the relevant strategy of abolishing the lawyer’s monopoly is not a positive phenomenon. The introduction of court representation of citizens, business entities, state bodies, central and local authorities by a professional institute of advocacy is an upside in reforming the Ukrainian legal system. However, according to the author, the profession of a lawyer is primarily aimed at providing defense in criminal proceedings or when bringing to administrative responsibility or considering a case of an administrative offense. At the same time, the scientist marks that the reversion to the previous wording of Article 131-2 of the Constitution of Ukraine is inadmissible since the provision of legal services in Ukraine should be carried out professionally. After analyzing the legislation of the Republic of Poland, the author has concluded that lawyers and legal advisers, who carry out practical legal activities on a professional basis and permits, provide the public with legal aid. However, the only difference between a lawyer and a legal adviser in the Republic of Poland is that the latter cannot provide legal assistance in criminal proceedings, unlike a lawyer. Therefore, to create a professional and competitive market of legal services in Ukraine, the researcher proposes to borrow the experience of the Republic of Poland and introduce a professional institute of legal advisers in Ukraine, as this profession is legally identified in Ukraine.
representation legal counselor Republic of Poland legal adviser lawyer lawyer’s monopoly
The article is devoted to the coverage of the issue of criminal - legal protection of intellectual property at the present stage of state development. Some issues of optimization of the ratio of criminal – legal and civil – legal protection of intellectual property, the issue of differentiation of criminal – legal protection of personal non-property and / or property rights of intellectual property to literary, artistic and other work (copyright) and personal non-property and / or property intellectual property rights for performance, phonogram, videogram and program (transfer) of broadcasting organization (related rights). Unambiguous interpretation, logical wording in determining the signs and boundaries of socially dangerous acts and a clear relationship with other legal norms inevitably affect the correctness of law enforcement, provided that the legal constructions cover legal relations enshrined in the form of criminal offenses, delimiting criminal behavior from other actions and inaction . However, the effectiveness of the mechanism and legal effectiveness of criminal – legal protection of intellectual property, the quality of the relevant criminal – legal prohibitions and their qualified and active application should be recognized as more significant in terms of functional purpose and impact on legal relations. Thus, of course, the process of combating crimes against intellectual property directly depends on the degree of effectiveness of law enforcement agencies, both international law and legislation of Ukraine, as well as methods and techniques of intellectual property protection, which also contributes to the modern development of civil law, criminal law and procedural institutions of regulation and protection of intellectual property rights in view of the dynamics of such crimes, their type of affiliation, as well as persons who may be involved in their commission. At the same time, there is no doubt that even perfect criminal law prohibitions cannot completely replace the professionalism of a law enforcer, his technical equipment, his knowledge of regulatory legislation and high-quality investigative and operational-investigative activities.
protection of intellectual property legal requirements blanket disposition property rights
The article conducts a comprehensive study of public information and communication space in Ukraine, analyzes its current state considering regulatory and organizational features, identifies key challenges for quality development and modernization of the industry, and identifies key dysfunctional problems that prevent high performance in domestic development of information and communication technologies. It is argued that an important role in the constructive formation of the public information and communication sector is played by the state information policy, which should be based on such principles as openness, system, equality of interests, priority of domestic producers, social orientation. It turns out that the formation of a quality public information space contributes to the development of civil society, information society and information democracy. Comprehensive digitalization of public communication will promote openness, transparency and accessibility of public information, the formation of partnerships between the public, business, and civil sectors. Three basic stages of formation of information and communication space have been identified: strategic, organizational and control ones.
e-governance legislation information and communication technologies information policy public administration
Arbitration has over the years gained prominence as a preferred method for dispute resolution especially for cross-border commercial disputes. One of the reasons is that the parties want to resolve their dispute in privacy and obtain an enforceable award as soon as possible. The choice of the arbitral seat during the negotiation of any international commercial arbitration agreement is perhaps one of the most overlooked influential aspects over the course of the arbitral procedures. The importance of a wise choice of an arbitral seat generally has two aspects, one of logistical convenience and the other is of a legal effect. For reason of the crucial legal effects of the place of arbitration, the parties have to be sure that they have chosen the best suitable jurisdiction as the seat of arbitration. The article will further analyse the concept of the seat of arbitration, its role, and importance in international commercial arbitration. It will also examine by reviewing the drawbacks of Nigeria as a preferred seat of international arbitration, particularly on the arbitration legislation and the respective judicial supervision and support in effectively conducting arbitration within the jurisdiction.
Universally, men and women suffer in relationships before or after marriage which is detrimental to health. This paper examined the percentage of intimate partner violence in both the highly educated and not educated families to assertain which one has a higher percentage of violence than the other. It also aimed to investigate variations in causes of intimate partner violence in both family types and to examine the effects of violence on both families. The study adopted purposive sampling among market women and civil servants on Eti-Osa Local Government Area, Victoria Island, Lagos. The techniques of enquiry are questionnaire and interview among these chosen classes of people. The sample size is 200; 100 men and 100 women. The paper concluded that the percentage of domestic violence is higher in the illiterate families, though the causes and effects are slightly different. The paper recommended education to curb domestic violence in the society.
literate illiterate domestic violence non-violent percentage
The author notes the importance of planning, policy measures and development strategies for the development of physical culture and sports. A large number of current regulatory documents, which reflect the attentive attitude of public authorities to the development and improvement of this area, is indicated. The structural components of the legal administration system in the field of physical culture and sports are characterized. The interpretation of sports legal relations is presented. Specific features of sports legal relations are noted. The main forms of state support for physical culture and sports are also identified. The contribution of local authorities of Ukraine in the implementation of state policy in the field of physical culture and sports is considered. The ambiguity of the legal regulation of the development of physical culture and sports is noted. The need to understand and distinguish between the field of physical culture and professional sports is emphasized. The state regulation of standardization in the researched sphere is considered. The absence of the term “standard” in relation to service quality management in organizations is indicated. The normative-legal acts, which partially determine the evaluation criteria in the field of physical culture and sports, are distinguished. The advantages of implementing a quality management system are indicated. The adopted Standards, the effect of which extends to the field of physical culture and sports, are considered. The principles of quality management system activity are presented and characterized: customer orientation, leadership, employee involvement, process approach, system approach to management, continuous improvement, decision-making based on facts, mutually beneficial relations with suppliers. The main problems and risks in the process of system implementation are noted. Emphasis is placed on the peculiarities of the implementation of the quality management system at the level of local self-government. The requirements for the preparation of mandatory documentation are listed and described. The content of the implementation plan is noted. Emphasis is placed on the expediency of determining senior management and officials on specific examples. The need for local government administration to systematically confirm its compliance with the quality management system has been identified. Requirements to representatives of higher governing bodies are defined. The impossibility of the self-government body to satisfy the requirements of all clients within the framework of the legislation and the approved budget is emphasized. The key task of senior management is described. The components of an important triple task of senior management in the context of implementation, operation and continuous improvement of the quality management system are listed. The importance of emphasizing the consolidation at the state level of tests and standards for assessing the physical fitness of the people of Ukraine was emphasized.
regulation standardization health Olympic sports state policy
The article deals with criminal law characteristics and imposition of punishment for offenses in the field of implementation and maintenance of ordinary activity of bodies of inquiry, pre-trial investigation, prosecutor’s office, and court. The research analyzes the fundamentals of establishing criminal liability for particular socially-dangerous acts. The tasks of the present publication encompass methodologically correct preparation of a judgment in cases of offenses against justice which would contain a response to asserted claims, satisfy parties to the case, and be skillfully drafted meeting relevant requirements.
maintenance of adequate activity of bodies of inquiry pre-trial investigation prosecutor’s office and court judgment imposition of punishment
The aim of this article is to analyse the attitude of the contemporary Polish national camp towards local government in the political concepts of the two most influential political parties of this trend - League of Polish Families and National Movement. In the article are characterized the most important issues such as: the role of local government, the tasks of local government, the postulated reforms.
national political thought Polish national camp local government
The relations between the United Kingdom and the Russian Federation have a long history. Over centuries those relations were changing. At the beginning the countries were hostile and militant towards each other. Then, they became allies in World War I and World War II. However, never in the modern history bilateral relations between Great Britain and Russia have been so obscure and distant. Some scientists and politicians even suggest that relations between the United Kingdom and Russia are frozen. This thesis can be supported by the analysis of recent events in the 21st century history: from an attempt to murder ex-Russian agent in 2018 to firing warning shots at the British Royal Navy destroyer in the Black See by Russians in 2021.
Russia-United Kingdom relations diplomatic row military/cyber-attacks
The political transformation in Poland, initiated in the first half of 1989, was the beginning of deep, systemic changes in all mechanisms of collective life and public authority. The transformations were characterized as complex and multifaceted, which generated new conflicts and socially perceptible costs. However, such deep changes were necessary because they opened the way for Poland and Polish society towards European standards of organization and activity of all entities of public life. The most important principles on the basis of which the new constitutional model of the state was built were deconcentrating the authority mechanism and decentralizing its powers. This meant that the administration alsobecame a very important area of transformational changes. In this regard, a special role was played by actions aimed at reconstructinglocal government which was to become an integral part of the new public authority system and to carry out a significant part of public tasks.
transformation public administration local government political changes decentralizing local communities
The article provides a scientific analysis of the financial independence of territorial communities, which is aimed at strengthening the implementation of decentralization measures in Ukraine. Indicated that problems of financial support of the local government powers are the focus of Ukrainian scientists, experts in local budget management and finance. Independence in the aspect of local self-government should be considered within the norms established by the Constitution of Ukraine, the European Charter of Local Self-Government, and other legislative acts. Performed theoretical and applied identification of the “financial independence of the territorial community”. Analyzed the key provisions of the Ukrainian legislation on financial support of territorial communities, which were transformed in the process of decentralization during 2014–2020. Highlighted the state policy components of ensuring the financial independence of territorial communities, based on the principles of the European Charter of Local Self-Government. Measures of state policy to ensure the financial independence of territorial communities can be systematized into two groups: 1) direct participation of the state in the formation of financial resources of communities and territories; 2) indirect participation of the state in the formation of financial resources of communities and territories and their disposal. Noted that consolidation of revenue sources in local budgets of Ukraine is characterized by instability. Summarized the results of the sociological study of the financial support of territorial communities in terms of their financial independence. Emphasized the lack of legal opportunity for local governments to independently keep records of personal income tax and other national taxes in terms of their payers. Proposed the measures to improve the administration of taxes, which are a source of revenue to local budgets: organization of a digital information network on the payment of taxes and other mandatory payments by individuals and ensuring access to it by local government officials; establishing interaction of territorial bodies of the State Tax Service of Ukraine with local self- -government bodies on issues of control over the correctness and timeliness of tax payments and other obligatory payments by individuals and legal entities, etc.
decentralization financial independence local budget state policy tax administration opinion polls
There is a relatively small but important research oeuvre in the biological study of comparative and international politics. This essay is situated within that literature. One significant issue in comparative politics is corruption—its causes, its consequences, and remediation. This study focuses on the first point with a focus on a biosocial variable that might be at work. Prior research has suggested that health status of a nation affects extent of democratization, electoral integrity, and fragility of states. In no case is health status the dominant predictor. Given its relationship with those three aspects of a polity, this paper examines the effect of health status on corruption across states. Given prior results, there is good reason to hypothesize that as health status increases, states are less apt to have high rates of corruption. The base for this analysis comprises data on over 150 nations. Among the variables as part of that data set are health status and corruption. Results are reported and discussion centers on the meaning of the data and what the implications might be.
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