2024

Strategie akulturacyjne wśród międzynarodowych studentów anglojęzycznych programów zarządzania w Polsce

  • Author: Agnieszka Golińska
  • Institution: Uniwersytet SWPS
  • ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0284-7315
  • Author: Anna Posmykiewicz
  • Institution: Lund University, Sweden
  • ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5410-7538
  • Year of publication: 2024
  • Source: Show
  • Pages: 163-176
  • DOI Address: https://doi.org/10.15804/em.2024.02.11
  • PDF: em/25/em2511.pdf

Acculturation strategies among international students of English-speaking management programs in Poland

The primary objective of this study was to identify the acculturation strategies employed by international students enrolled in English-speaking management programs in Poland. The study employed two research models: the Tridimensional Acculturation Model developed by Ferguson et al. (2012) and the Relative Acculturation Extended Model (RAEM) proposed by Navas et al. (2005). Both models conceptualize acculturation as a multifaceted and context-dependent process. International students pursuing full-time management study programs exemplify a group susceptible to remote acculturation conditions (Ferguson and Bornstein, 2012). The study was based on in-depth interviews with 19 individuals and was carried out with the use of the Cultural Identity Mapping technique (Ferguson, 2018). Three acculturation strategies employed by students have been identified: separation (an orientation towards the culture of origin while rejecting elements of other cultures), integration (a simultaneous orientation towards two cultures), and multicultural strategy (an orientation towards more than two cultures). The identification of the third strategy contributes to ongoing discussions regarding the limitations of twodimensional acculturation models which fail to encapsulate the increasing complexity and diversity of individuals’ acculturation experiences (e.g., Sam & Ward, 2021; Rudmin, 2006). Finally, remote acculturation turned out to play an important role in the processes associated with the acquisition of the third culture.

remote acculturation zdalna akulturacja studenci międzynarodowi strategie akulturacyjne international students acculturation strategies third culture trzecia kultura wielokulturowość multiculturalism

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Contents

  • Author: The Editors
  • Year of publication: 2024
  • Source: Show
  • Pages: 3-4
  • DOI Address: -
  • PDF: rop/27/rop27toc.pdf

The Concept of Discourse in Terms of Cognitive Linguistics

  • Author: Nigar O. Babayeva
  • Institution: Baku Slavic University, Azerbaijan
  • Year of publication: 2024
  • Source: Show
  • Pages: 7-17
  • DOI Address: https://doi.org/10.15804/rop2024101
  • PDF: rop/27/rop2701.pdf

At the end of the 20th century, the term discourse, which was justified by European linguists, gained relevance in modern linguistics and gave rise to wider research. The ideas about the discourse in the scientific literature have given impetus to each other and facilitated a wider analysis of this term. In Azerbaijani linguistics, this topic is considered a younger field of science. From this point of view, we decided to conduct research in the mentioned direction. In the article, the types of discourse from the point of view of both structure and functionality, and the problems of its comparison with the text are considered.

discourse text macrostructure microstructure

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Awareness and use of contraceptives among female undergraduates : a case study of Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria

  • Author: Mene-Ebobo
  • Institution: Centre for Resource Learning (Library), Abeokuta Study Centre Opposite NNPC, National Open University of Nigeria (NOUN), Oke-Mosan, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
  • Author: Oritsemeyiwa Checkson
  • Institution: Federal University Oye- Ekiti, Ekiti State
  • Year of publication: 2024
  • Source: Show
  • Pages: 18-37
  • DOI Address: https://doi.org/10.15804/rop2024102
  • PDF: rop/27/rop2702.pdf

Contraceptives are methods used to prevent unwanted pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases. It is used by both males and females that are sexually active. This study aimed at examining the awareness and use of contraceptives among female undergraduates in Federal University Oye Ekiti, Nigeria. It examined the age of sexual debut as well as frequency of contraceptives use. The study adopted the Theory of Planned Behavior (Ajzen & Fishbein, 1980) as its theoretical framework. It was a survey carried out among female undergraduates in the six faculties of the university at Oye, Ekiti. The sample size was 200 respondents randomly selected from females in the faculties. Questionnaire was the main instrument of data collection while books and academic journals were used as supporting sources. Data collected was coded and analyzed with SPSS version 2.0. The study concluded that female undergraduates of FUOYE were mostly between 16–25 years (85.5%), majority (69%) had their first sexual intercourse between 16 and 18 years, 100% of the respondents were aware of and (58%) use contraceptives frequently to prevent unwanted pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases. Majority got to know about contraceptives through their friends (45.5%) and 20% equally (boyfriends and Google). Majority (76.5%) had only one sexual partner and (58%) had sex frequently. Therefore, the study recommended that the government should encourage female undergraduates with monthly stipends aimed at encouraging them to focus on their education and maintain academic stability instead of having multiple sexual partners that will distract them from reaching their goals.

Contraceptives Females Sexual Debut undergraduates use

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Terrorism and institutional soft target attacks in Nigeria: the way forward

  • Author: Miracle Eka
  • Institution: National Open University of Nigeria
  • Author: Dickson Ogbonnaya
  • Institution: National Open University of Nigeria (NOUN), Oke-Mosan, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
  • Year of publication: 2024
  • Source: Show
  • Pages: 38-60
  • DOI Address: https://doi.org/10.15804/rop2024103
  • PDF: rop/27/rop2703.pdf

Almost five decades have passed since after the Nigerian civil war that claimed closed to five million lives between Nigerian and Biafran separatists. Yet, rather than learn lessons learnt to forestall peace, it is worrisome that the escalation of terror against state and its institutions has taken heightened dimensions at various times. It is this worry that gave vent to this theoretical paper that utilizes content analysis to explore relevant parameters that are factorial to this dangerous escalation of terror in Nigeria particularly targeting its institutions as helpless soft targets for attack. Consequently, the paper questioned institutional alienation, inequality, and unhealthy politicization of religion and education as largely responsible for the increasing terror attacks. Drawing from these insights, the paper using induction and deduction tools, outlined major ways forward in addressing the menace of terror. Inclusive governance, income redistribution, secularism as a functional state policy and liberalization of access to education according literature, were strong factors that point to solutions that can lead productive engagement and inclusive involvement in governance and decision-making process in order to ultimately encourage the de-escalation of terror attacks against state and its institutions.

terrorism Institutional attack Soft target Nigeria Way forward

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Dual normative and prerogative state: human rights after 1989 in Poland

  • Author: Laura Koba
  • Institution: Jagiellonian University
  • ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8571-3955
  • Year of publication: 2024
  • Source: Show
  • Pages: 61-75
  • DOI Address: https://doi.org/10.15804/rop2024104
  • PDF: rop/27/rop2704.pdf

The changes that have taken place in Poland since 1989 reveal real problems whose solution depends on civic awareness, i.e. on understanding what a democratic legal state is and what role human rights play in it. Given the threats posed by various populisms, also the manipulation of the concepts of: nation, homeland, citizen, patriot, common good, etc., society may not notice how the normative state is turning into a prerogative state. An important role is played by knowledge and understanding of the provisions of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland of 2 April 1997, not only by lawyers, but by the whole of society and, perhaps above all, by the various levels of power, both legislative, executive and judicial. This also applies to local authorities, economic and social entities. Universal civic education and the everyday practice of democracy and human rights are essential. Over the past thirty-five years, there has been a slow change in the mentality of Poles, especially among the younger generation. People born in European Poland support a civil state in which human rights are respected. Paradoxically, the last eight years of PiS rule have contributed to an awareness of the role of law, including human rights, and a willingness to learn about the Constitution of the Republic of Poland. It is also important that the language of a democratic rule of law is back on track.

human rights transformation anomie normative state prerogative state

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Harnessing the Potential of the Indian Film Industry to Enhance India’s Soft Power

  • Author: Nihar K Kulkarni
  • Institution: University of Warsaw, Poland
  • ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2582-0465
  • Year of publication: 2024
  • Source: Show
  • Pages: 76-94
  • DOI Address: https://doi.org/10.15804/rop2024105
  • PDF: rop/27/rop2705.pdf

The Indian Film Industry is second popular entertainment industry across the globe after Hollywood film industry of the United States of America. Despite of being popular, there are arguments that New Delhi hasn’t utilized the full potential of Indian film industry as an instrument to turn popularity into the (Soft)power. The Indian film industry has tremendous potential to become India’s soft power if its potential is harnessed to the fullest. Therefore, this paper focuses upon how the popularity can be effectively used by examining strengths of industry and future prospects. Additionally, this paper provides relevant policy recommendations to effectively use film industry to enhance soft power as well as brief concluding remarks.

India soft power Indian Film Industry Bollywood Music industry leadership Global South

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The role of the police in counter-terrorist activities

  • Author: Jarosław Rekwirowicz
  • Institution: WSAiB Gdynia
  • ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8733-7275
  • Year of publication: 2024
  • Source: Show
  • Pages: 95-119
  • DOI Address: https://doi.org/10.15804/rop2024106
  • PDF: rop/27/rop2706.pdf

Security is an interdisciplinary concept that is important for the existence and development of individual people and entire societies. Many events can cause them anxiety, and this undoubtedly includes a terrorist act, which is inherently evil. Terrorism develops along with the development of civilization, which forces individual countries to constantly improve and modernize the methods of combating this threat. Although, according to research, Polish society is not afraid of terrorist attacks, in the current political situation it should be assumed that Poland may be the target of such attacks. State authorities have created an anti-terrorist system to ensure citizen safety. In which an important role in anti-theorist and counter-terrorist activities was assigned to the Police.

security terrorism Police counter-terrorism

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Determinants of the sense of security in the local community

  • Author: Marek Stefański
  • Institution: WSB Merito University in Gdańsk, Poland
  • ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8414-3540
  • Year of publication: 2024
  • Source: Show
  • Pages: 120-135
  • DOI Address: https://doi.org/10.15804/rop2024107
  • PDF: rop/27/rop2707.pdf

The sense of security is the subject of scientific research and is analyzed by various government institutions and non-governmental organizations. In the research context, it refers to both the subjective feeling of individual security and social security. The results of individual studies should be a source of inspiration for political decision-makers and people in power, both at the government and local levels, in the process of developing programs for shaping security in local communities. A high level of subjective sense of security directly affects the quality of social and individual life. In addition, test results can play an important role in assessing the accuracy of diagnosis, helping to identify the most important concerns of the individual and society. This information is necessary to effectively shape strategies aimed at improving the quality of life and safety of citizens.

security quality of life sense of security

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Protection of critical infrastructure (facilities) in the process of organizing elections in Poland

  • Author: Radosław Zych
  • Institution: University of Szczecin
  • ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1221-9136
  • Year of publication: 2024
  • Source: Show
  • Pages: 136-156
  • DOI Address: https://doi.org/10.15804/rop2024108
  • PDF: rop/27/rop2708.pdf

This paper analyses the concept of critical infrastructure (CI) in the context of electoral process organization. I will determine whether the seats of circuit electoral commissions (CECs) meet the relevant criteria. How can such facilities be effectively protected? What does international, European, and national law prescribe in this regard? I will examine doctrine and the provisions of the current legal system, including the documents of the National Electoral Commission (NEC). I adopt the statutory1 assumption whereby critical infrastructure should be understood as systems and their functionally interdependent facilities, including buildings, equipment, installations and services that are essential to the security of the state and its citizens, serving to ensure the proper functioning of public administration bodies, institutions and entrepreneurs. Critical infrastructure is comprised of systems which, for example, ensure the continuity of public administration.

security critical infrastructure Law elections tasks of state services and authorities

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Robert Krasoń, Teoretyczno-prawne aspekty zasady zaufania do działalności administracji publicznej [Theoretical-Legal Aspects of the Principle of Trust in the Activities of Public Administration], Adam Marszałek Publishing, Toruń 2023, pp. 430

  • Author: Marta Banasiak
  • Institution: MA, Faculty of Political Science and Security Studies
  • ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2147-7135
  • Year of publication: 2024
  • Source: Show
  • Pages: 161-164
  • DOI Address: https://doi.org/10.15804/rop2024109
  • PDF: rop/27/rop2709.pdf

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Contents

  • Author: The Editors
  • Year of publication: 2024
  • Source: Show
  • Pages: 3-4
  • DOI Address: -
  • PDF: rop/28/rop28toc.pdf

Theoretical foundations of mutual semasiological research in modern linguistics

  • Author: Gunel Teyyub Allahverdiyeva
  • Institution: Baku Slavic University, Azerbaijan
  • ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8013-7741
  • Year of publication: 2024
  • Source: Show
  • Pages: 7-19
  • DOI Address: https://doi.org/10.15804/rop2024201
  • PDF: rop/28/rop2801.pdf

The recent growing interest in cognitive linguistics, scientific works, monographs and textbooks written in this field are evidence of this. Language levels and trends in their development, structural approach to languages, language and speech issues, functional approach to language units, etc. the problems have begun to be seriously investigated. One such issue is the study of modern cognitive linguistics and lexical-semantic systems. Language is subject to various influences in the process of development. These effects result in changes in different layers of language, including the lexical layer. This process leads to the obsolescence of word meanings in the lexicon, the emergence of new meanings, the expansion of meaning, the narrowing of meaning, the diversification of meaning, and so on. This leads to the fact that the connection between the lexical and semantic meanings of words is also affected; new lexical-semantic word groups appear. The article is rich in quotes from the works of many scholars.

concept semasiological analysis anthropocentric linguistics cognitive paradigm cognitive linguistics

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Gender differentiation and its connection to linguistics

  • Author: Gunay G. Babayeva
  • Institution: Baku Slavic University, Azerbaijan
  • Year of publication: 2024
  • Source: Show
  • Pages: 20-31
  • DOI Address: https://doi.org/10.15804/rop2024202
  • PDF: rop/28/rop2802.pdf

According to Wilhelm von Humboldt, the founder of the philosophy of language, the formation of objects and concepts in our minds, as well as everything we receive from the outside, is achieved through language. Our understanding of the world is possible through the use of culture and language. That is, if there were no language, there would be no intelligence. Because of the culture and intelligence, we acquire through language, each person exists as a reflection of the prevailing worldview. Each stage of cultural development is connected and comprehended through language. Language is not a tool for describing the known, but a tool for discovering the unknown. The true power of language lies in its constructiveness.

gender linguistics differentiation

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Executive-legislative interface and functioning of political institutions in Romania

  • Author: Mukesh Shankar Bharti
  • Institution: Amity University, Noida. India
  • ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3693-7247
  • Year of publication: 2024
  • Source: Show
  • Pages: 32-62
  • DOI Address: https://doi.org/10.15804/rop2024203
  • PDF: rop/28/rop2803.pdf

The purpose of this study is to discuss the struggle between the prime minister and the president to exercise legislative and executive power. According to the constitution of Romania, there is a clear division of power between the President and the Prime Minister. The Prime Minister is the head of government but the President also plays a key role in the country. There are many examples of interference in legislative work by the President of Romania. The paper discusses power sharing between the legislative and executive power of the Prime minister and the President of Romania. Because of the semi-presidential system in the country, the President of Romania has equal legislative power as the Prime minister. This has in practice led to major contradictions in the functioning of the Romanian political system. The paper analyses the substantial power that the Constitution vests the President with affects the Prime Minister’s role in the country. That is why Romania’s democratic journey has been one of power struggle between the President and the Prime Minister. Apart from the many conflicts between the President and Prime Minister, there is a massive debate on corruption which has also critically affected institution-building in this new democracy. There are discussions about the pillar of democratic bodies which is fragile and lacks trust in political institutions.

Executive-Legislative Conflict Political Institution democratization, Romania

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Theoretical foundations of utopian and dystopian parables in world literature

  • Author: Ilaha Murvatova
  • Institution: Baku Slavic University, Azerbaijan
  • Year of publication: 2024
  • Source: Show
  • Pages: 63-71
  • DOI Address: https://doi.org/10.15804/rop2024204
  • PDF: rop/28/rop2804.pdf

What does the future hold for us? Which path will humanity take? Perhaps people will finally learn from the mistakes of past generations and build a perfect society? Or they will choose a disastrous path, making the life of an individual absolutely unbearable? Science fiction writers have repeatedly tried to find answers… Science fiction is dedicated to the two opposites of the development of civilization. When people talk about fiction of the early twentieth century, they usually mean so-called “science fiction.” The first works of fantastic literature of new varieties began to appear at the end of the 19th century, and individual works even earlier. In this case we are talking about works that combine a literary plot with scientific fragments; at the same time, the work as a whole acquires a journalistic character. At the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries, due to extra-literary factors, this form became extremely popular. Its development is influenced by the rapid growth of scientific, or more precisely, technical research, and the powerful introduction of technology into human life.

fantastic unrealizable unrealizable dream ideal social system parable utopia dystopia

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African states and conflicts: a study of Northern Zone of Plateau State

  • Author: Moses Nwan
  • Institution: National Open University of Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria
  • Author: Moses Etila Shaibu
  • Institution: National Open University of Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria
  • Author: Adeniyi T. Adegoke
  • Institution: National Open University of Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria
  • Year of publication: 2024
  • Source: Show
  • Pages: 72-97
  • DOI Address: https://doi.org/10.15804/rop2024205
  • PDF: rop/28/rop2805.pdf

Since the 1960s, African states have passed through different conflicts with reasons such as politics, ethnic, religious, and resource-based conflicts such as border or land disputes, and several other causes. The Northern Senatorial zone of Plateau State, Nigeria has witnessed several violent conflicts between 2001 and 2023 with several scholars assessing the immediate causes and its impact without looking at the remote causes. This study examines the history of conflicts in the Northern Plateau Senatorial zone and its persistent nature with its root causes. The study adopted history research method, which comprised primary and secondary sources. Data was obtained by the researcher from oral interviews in the Jos metropolis and across Plateau North. Also, books and Journals from the University of Jos and the National Library Jos branch provided quality data. The conflict in the Northern Plateau comprising five out of the six local council areas evolved from instances of clashes and skirmishes as a result of spontaneous ethnic and religious provocations and reactions to planned attacks between Christians and Muslins in Jos North and South starting from 2001, guerilla-style reprisals, cattle rustling, herder/farmer clashes across Bassa, Riyom and Barkin Ladi LGAs. The study found out that the root cause of conflicts in the Northern Plateau was the British colonial policies of the 1900s, which led to the massive influx of immigrants that settled permanently in Jos North and South, Barkin Ladi, Riyom and Bassa LGAs. The study discovers that the conflict in Northern Plateau has led to pervasive insecurity of lives and property, as evidenced by the spate of cattle rustling, armed robbery attacks, assassinations, and ethnic and religious feuds coupled with the seeming helplessness of security agencies to handle criminal attacks on civilian populations in Riyom, Barkin Ladi and Bassa LGAs. The study recommends that security can be secure if freedom and justice are allowed to reign through arresting perpetrators and punishing them severely, allowing freedom of economic, political and social participation for all citizens of Plateau State without ethnic or religious discrimination.

Farmer Herder ethnicity Africa conflict religion war

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Political violence and its impact on national security : a study of Nigeria

  • Author: Joel Ogechukwu Okoh
  • Institution: University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
  • Year of publication: 2024
  • Source: Show
  • Pages: 98-111
  • DOI Address: https://doi.org/10.15804/rop2024206
  • PDF: rop/28/rop2806.pdf

Electoral processes in many African countries including Nigeria, are faced with the challenges of conducting free, fair, credible and violence-free elections. Political violence has become a stain on Nigerian democracy. This paper therefore examined the impact of political violence on national security in Nigeria. The paper adopted the descriptive analytical approach. This study found out that Political violence in Nigeria is now a stain in our democracy that is now seen as a political structure and strategy for employment during elections and the use of weapons during elections have an aftermath impact on the national security. Consequently, some recommendations were made by the researcher. The Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) has to take conscious and strategic actions against political violence in the country (Nigeria), due to the fact that action and inaction of the government of the country plays a very important role in either stopping or continuing the menace. Appropriate security network and intelligence should be organized to monitor electoral activities of the country to mitigate incidences of violence. The Independent National Electoral Commission should conduct free, fair and credible elections in Nigeria while the political parties and their candidates should ensure strict compliance with electoral regulations of the country (Nigeria).

election political violence national security democracy and Nigeria

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