Informacje dla autorów
- Year of publication: 2015
- Source: Show
- Pages: 205-208
- DOI Address: -
- PDF: so/8/so8auth.pdf
Azerbaijan as European and Asian state
The aim of the paper is to present today aspirations of Azerbaijan, a state situated in the South Caucasus, to be the part of European culture. The basic materials taken under analysis are current press texts, sites of the official political and economical institutions published in Azerbaijani language and also paper-printed sources related to the politics and culture of Azerbaijan. The cultural, historical and political bounds allow to Azerbaijani government to establish relationships both with European and Asian partners. The membership of cultural and sport organisations entitles to locate Azerbaijan between European states. But the Islam religion – a part of Azerbaijani culture, in spite of presence of many centuries in Europe, is traditionally associated with Asia.
borders Europeanness Азербайджан Азия Asia culture Azerbaijan Europe
About the relevance of simplification of procedures for the removal from national judge posts in the local imperial administration – Turkestan region (on archival and legal materials)
The article considered attempts made by all general governors of the Turkestan region to achieve changes in the national judge post removal procedures and their power extension in the deciding of this matter.
appointment to a judgeship removal procedure Turkestan region national judges powołania do sędziowania procedura usuwania region Turkiestan sędzia krajowy
Problems of the theory and practice of valuation of companies in the Kyrgyz Republic
Since the inception of the Kyrgyz Republic as an independent and sovereign state in 1991 processes of market transformation aimed at reforming the economic mechanisms continue in this country. Started as a result of privatization in the early stages of reforms, playing a key role in the de-monopolization of the Kyrgyz economy the process aiming to create a class of independent business and company owners continues. The author of this article tries to analyze the development of the practice of valuation of companies in Kyrgyzstan and presents suggestions of changes intended to create suitable legal conditions for these purposes.
przemiany wycena spółek practice valuation of companies Kirgistan teoria theory praktyka Kyrgyzstan transformation
Peculiarities of the economic crisis in the post-Soviet space
Last global financial-economic crisis started at the end of 2007 has affected a large number of countries. The crisis, which arose initially in developed countries, was sharply transferred to countries with economies in transition. Thus, the modern economic and financial crisis of the post-Soviet countries came from the outside. The current crisis has shown the pros and cons of the process of economic globalization. The authors examined the problem of intra-regional channels of crisis dissemination, as well as the strengths and weaknesses of national economies, and establishes the degree of involvement of these economies in the globalization process and determines the level of risk associated with this process. The crisis was evaluated based on the performance of the economy of a single country
problemy wynikłe z globalizacji przyczyny kryzysu kryzys ekonomiczny przestrzeń poradziecka problems arising from globalization crisis causes post-Soviet space economic crisis globalizacja globalization
The history of Chechnya. From the Mongol invasions (1221) the presence of the Russian army (1918)
The article presents the prehistory of the Chechen people. The author tried to present the most important aspects of Chechnya in order to thoroughly understand the origin and cause of the conflict between Russia and Chechnya, which took place in the eighteenth century and early nineteenth century, and already in the twentieth century.
война Кавказский the Stalinist deportations Imam Shamil War Caucasian Чечня Россия Chechnya Russia
The south-east borderland of the Republic of Poland in research and output of Stanisław Nicieja
The theme of the dissertation is the research on the territories of the borderland (called Kresy) in the South-East of the Polish State in the interwar period (1918– 1939), that have been lost to the Soviet Union after 1945. Initially for political reasons prevented censorship publication on this topic, so it was especially to 1956 (untill October and liquidation of Stalinism) and completely aftergaining full sovereignty in 1989. The leading researchers and talented writers in this field is a historian from Opole Stanisław Sławomir Nicieja (born 1948), author of fundamental works on historical Polish cemeteries in lost Polish Lviv (cemetery on Łyczaków). Explorer is associated with the University of Opole, where was for four tenures a Rector. On Upper Silesia settled many of the inhabitants of the borderlands prior to 1945, whose memories and materials much enriched the material basis for the books of Nicieja. Article discusses in six sections their fortunes in a new homeland, the profile of a scientific investigator, and his most important works on the borderland villages and destruction of celturies-old culture. In this output leading position occupies today the anticipated for 30 volumes (not yet released 6) series, devoted the times of splendor and destruction their inhabitants. He geve it the title Kresowa Atlantyda, referring to the destruction of the legendary city in ancient times. It evokes Polish Lviv, Stanisławów and dozens of other towns durable stored in national history.
утраченные земли devastation of culture extermination of the population political and ethnical borders lost lands Польша Украина Poland Ukraine
AMU already 10 years in Wolin! “Death in human life”. 8th International Scientific Session on the History of the Baltic Sea People, Wolin, July 31th–August 2nd, 2015
Krzysztof Rafał Prokop, “Rzymskokatoliccy biskupi ordynariusze diecezji na ziemiach ruskich dawnej Rzeczypospolitej Obojga Narodów (do czasów I wojny światowej). Baków, Chełm (Krasnystaw), Halicz, Kamieniec Podolski. Kijów, Lwów, Łuck, Przemyśl, Żytomierz” [Roman Catholic diocese bishops of the former Russian lands of the Republic of Poland to World War I]
Alfred Lutrzykowski, “System władzy publicznej Polski Ludowej. Od Manifestu PKWN do Konstytucji PRL. Zagadnienia ustrojowo-polityczne” [The system of public authority the People’s Poland. From the Manifesto of the PCNL to the Constitution of the PPR. Systemic and political issues]
Stanisław Sławomir Nicieja, “Kresowa Atlantyda. Historia i mitologia miast kresowych”, tom VI: “Stryj, Kuty, Rybno, Baniłów, Kniaże” [Borderland Altlantis. History and mythology of borderland’s cities]
Letter dated 28 January 2015 from the Permanent Representative of Uzbekistan to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General
Letter dated 19 June 2015 from the Permanent Representative of Uzbekistan to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General
Expanded localization, strengthened cooperation. On IX International Industrial and Cooperation Exchange Fair held in UzExpoCenter
Już podczas nawiązania entente cordial między Wielką Brytanią a Francją w 1904 r. oraz przyłączeniu do niej Rosji w 1907 r. sprawy bliskowschodnie (m.in. Maroko, Egipt, Iran, Afganistan) legły u podstaw tego sojuszu. Toteż kiedy wybucha I wojna światowa, trzy wymienione mocarstwa uznały się za powołane do ukształtowania przyszłości Bliskiego Wschodu zgodnie z własnymi interesami (porozumienie Sykes–Picot, korespondencja Hussein–MacMahon, deklaracja Balfoura i inne). W wyniku wojny (przegrana państw centralnych, wycofanie Rosji bolszewickiej z wojny) Wielka Brytania i Francja stały się jedynymi dominującymi siłami w tym regionie świata. Pierwsza otrzymała mandat Ligi Narodów nad Palestyną (wraz z wydzieloną jej częścią – Transjordanią) i Irakiem. Francja zaś otrzymała mandat nad Syrią i Libanem. Wielka Brytania zachowała ponadto swoją dominację nad Egiptem i Somalią Brytyjską. Francja z kolei – nad Algierią, Marokiem, Tunezją, Somalią Francuską. W tych nowo powstałych krajach arabskich państwo i administrację odwzorowywano na podobieństwo metropolii, co było w pewnych aspektach korzystne, w innych – dysfunkcjonalne i konfliktogenne. Ujawnia się to dobitnie w czasach niepodległości i zimnej wojny, tj. po II wojnie światowej.
Bliski Wschód ententa I wojna światowa II wojna światowa zimna wojna Ближний Восток Антанта
Syrian conflict and its impact on the situation in Europe
The Arab Spring, which turned into a revolution, or rather a civil war in Syria caused a tragic, yet interesting configuration of the international political arena. This seemingly small, insignificant country in the Middle East pulled the most important powers of the world in to its interiour conflicts. Syria has become the key to the Middle East. It is a very colorful country in every way: ethnic, religious, cultural, landscape… and the country in which the Middle East countries and world powers and international terrorist organizations want to pursue their interests. They are so contradictory interests that led to an absurd war in which everyone is fighting against everyone. There has therefore been a confrontation on several levels, such as political: between the United States and Russia; religious: Christians–Muslims, as well as within Islam: Sunni–Shia, or Saudis and the Persians; business: where, for example, the role of the corridor between the Mediterranean Sea and Iraq it is taken by Turkey, it is a confrontation between the Ottomans and the Persians. Due to this almost 3 million external emigration takes place – not to mention the more than 10 million internal migration – and simutlaniously the influx of refugees not only to neighboring countries but also to Europe, mainly Western Europe. On the political scene the new players are reinforcing themseves namely, the Kurds. A new division of the Middle East is being created of which, the future is difficult to predict.
Syria the Arab Spring immigrants Kurds civil and religious war Сирия арабская весна
The integration of foreigners who have international protection in Poland for example of Zachodniopomorskie Voivodeship
Integration of foreigners is a process that requires the receiving country a series of measures aimed at enabling access to rights and services. After joining the European Union in the Act of 12 March 2004. On social assistance standards have been introduced to provide assistance to foreigners who have received international protection. In 2012, the Council of Ministers adopted the Polish Migration Policy - current status and requested action. In order to achieve the objectives of Polish Migration Policy Ministry of Labour and Social Policy Poland has developed a program document foreigners integration policy – principles and guidelines are recommendations that determine the directions of the state policy in the field of strengthening the integration of foreigners in Polish society and prepare the Poles to accept foreigners in their local communities.
integration of foreigners international protection West Pomeranian Voivodeship интеграция иностранцев
The European Union and the Eurasian Union: legal mechanism of cooperation and the problems of establishing
The paper takes a close look at the concept of establishing the Eurasian Union – a political and economic community modeled after the European Union. The author of the article shows the impact of Kazakhstan on the integration process of other countries participating in the establishment of this community: Russia, Belarus, Kyrgyzstan, and Tacgicastan. The author also describes institutionalized forms of cooperation on which the functioning of the Eurasian Union is to be based.
Kazachstan Unia Eurazjatycka Eurazjatycka Wspólnota Gospodarcza Eurazjatycka Unia Gospodarcza Unia Europejska Kazakhstan Eurasian Union Eurasian Economic Community Eurasian Economic Union European Union
We współczesnym świecie z typem gospodarki zależnej energetycznie czynnikiem wyznaczającym proces podejmowania strategicznych i politycznych decyzji w wymiarze geopolitycznym jest segment energetyczny. W artykule uwagę skupiono na wynikach gospodarczych oraz na fundamencie finansowym energetycznego czynnika agresywnego polityki zagranicznej Rosji na obszarze europejskim. Zostały również zbadane jakościowe i ilościowe wskaźniki współczesnego rosyjskiego rynku energetycznego. Ustalono źródła pochodzenia bazy ekonomicznej opartej na wojskowym potencjale Federacji Rosyjskiej oraz zbadano zależność pomiędzy ilością wydatków na kompleks obronny a dochodami państwowego budżetu FR w branży energetycznej. Na podstawie wyników badań zaproponowano zestaw finansowych, gospodarczych i politycznych środków skutecznego powstrzymania bezkompromisowej polityki energetycznej Kremla na terenie państw europejskich.
czynnik energetyczny energonomia militaryzacja polityki energetycznej Federacji Rosyjskiej sankcje sektoralne państwa z typem gospodarki zależnej energetycznie eksport ropy naftowej eksport gazu monopol państwowych spółek energetycznych ekspansjonizm energetyczny энергетический фактор
Chechens in Kazakhstan after the deportation of Stalin in the years 1944-1957
This topic is a representation of the most important aspects of life on the deportation of Chechens in Kazakhstan in the period from 1944 to 1957. The author also discusses the number of deported Chechens to Kazakhstan and other Central Asian countries.
Chechens Kazakhstan Deportation Joseph Stalin Central Asia Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic Казахстан чеченцы
Sources and research historiography of defense activity in Lviv in XIV–XVIII century
The study analyzes the works of Ukrainian and foreign researchers who have studied the question ability to defend the city of Lviv in the fourteenth and eighteenth centuries. The authors characterize the main types of sources and the scientific contribution of researchers in the accumulation of knowledge in the historical study of the problem of defense of the city during medieval times.
historiography source Lviv the era of the Middle Ages archival materials Lviv Magistrate историография
Forest glassworks and urban workshops: peculiarities of glass-making arrangement in the western lands of Ukraine in the 15th–17th centuries
A continuous development of glass-making on Ukrainian lands can be observed only from the end of the 10th century. At that time glass-making was exceptionally an urban craft. After the Mongol-Tatar invasion the arts were slightly declined, but starting from the middle of the 15th century glass-making revived in a somewhat different form: the workshops were located in the forest areas distant from the cities near the sources of raw materials. Such workshops were known as “huty” i.e. glassworks, this term took a Europe-wide meaning and denoted a building with a furnace in it. At the same time craftsmen continued to ply glass-making in the cities. The craftsmen entered workshops or worked independently if they lived in small towns. The workshop manufacturing process had its own characteristic features which certainly affected glass-making. As to the glassworks, glass-making was arranged in a totally different way there and thus the question of glass-making peculiarities in glassworks and workshops and the social and economic conditions of glassworks and workshop craftsmen becomes the matter of current interest.
hutta production glass production shops glass-furnace glassware workshops hutnictwo warsztat piec szklarski wyroby szklane cechy
Otfried Hoeffe’s philosophy of political justice
The paper covers an issue of justice in the light of a new paradigm in political philosophy proposed by Otfried Hoeffe’s theory of the exchange of justice. The author analyses the impact of this approach to justice upon understanding of how could contemporary society develop its fair moral and legal grounds. It is proved that for an adequate understanding of justice is its understanding as a personal responsibility, organically related to guidance on solidarity and recognition. Their interpretations of as well attempts to join moral and material grounds of social life to overcome of injustice are in the author’s focus. It is showed that freedom and justice are enrooted in a lifeword, as well relay upon formal norms and procedures of moral and justice. It gives a methodology for understanding of O. Hoeffe’s philosophy of political justice that states freedom and justice as basic conditions of human being.
social justice recognition Solidarity moral principles freedom community transcendental exchange political anthropology sprawiedliwość społeczna rozpoznawanie Solidarność zasady moralne wolność społeczność wymiana transcendentalna antropologia polityczna
The meeting in Poznań. The 10th anniversary of the publishing series “Historia Militaris”, Poznań, December 3rd, 2014
Polish people in Belarus in the years 1987–2008. The functioning of the Polish minority’s organisations in the political system
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