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Critical analysis of post-Cold War China-India relations in the perspective of structural realism

Our article is an attempt to answer the question of whether it is possible for two neighbouring countries, which aspire at the same time to the role of superpowers, to cooperate and have peaceful relations with each other. In order to answer this question, we intend to prove the thesis that the state of China-India relations, despite the appearance of good neighbourly relations, is defined by growing security problems. In order to do this, we intend to conduct a system-level analysis based on the current of structural realism in international relations using historical and comparative methods. The aim of this article is to critically analyze China-Indian relations in the post-Cold War period. At the same time, we intend to show that the thriving diplomatic relations between New Delhi and Pakistan are in fact a façade concealing poorly functioning economic relations and, above all, a number of security problems. The first chapter is a brief description of the theoretical framework of the article in the form of a realistic current in international relations and security research and an explanation of the applied concepts of power balance, security dilemma and bandwagoning. The second and third chapters are a brief description and analysis of political and economic relations after the Cold War. In chapter four, we identify the leading security issues in India-China relations. In summary, we try to answer the research question and confirm the thesis.

U.S. support for the mujahideen: 1979–1986

U.S. support for the mujahideen was a crucial factor in Soviet-Afghan war. Thanks to American aid the Muslim fighters from Afghanistan could effectively defend themselves from communist forces. The history of Operation Cyclone can also been seen as perfect example of Ronald Reagan’s administration foreign policy and implementation of Reagan Doctrine in practice. It is also worth remembering that origins of support for the mujahideen are deeply connected with Jimmy Carter’s administration, especially to National Security Advisor Zbigniew Brzezinski. The 1979 is commonly viewed as year that brought a pivotal change not only in the U.S. policy, but also in whole Cold War rivalry. In that time the Greater Middle East has become the most important region in foreign policy of United States, and it has remained so to this day. History of U.S. support for the mujahideen is vitally important to understanding the Islamic terrorism phenomenon and war of terror, that shapes international relations in the 21st century.

An attempt to analyze radical Islamist military organizations: the Somali Al Shabaab and the Chechen Riyad us-Saliheyn

In this text we presented the functioning and objectives of which are fighting the militants from the Somali terrorist group Al-Shabaab and the Chechen Riyad us-Saliheyn. Of course, keep in mind that these are not groups with global rather local, regional, however destabilize the regions in which they operate and the inhabitants of these places do not feel safe even in extreme cases, life deprived of mainly religious reasons.

The development of political myths in the area of Sub-Saharan Africa

The beginning of the development of political myths in the area of Sub-Saharan Africa can be traced back to the pre-colonial period where they were known as “holy tales”. Colonialism caused the disruption of the social and political order, which in turn resulted in the creation of new political myths that were designed to endorse the colonial authority. The colonial-era values were usually abandoned by the post-colonial countries. Instead, they decided to return to their origins, also in the area of political myths that were used to justify the existence of their governments. In some cases, politicians were using the colonial political myths in order to divide people and permanently eliminate some of the ethnic groups from politics. Nowadays, African politicians use political myths to justify the failures of their governments and keep the power in their hands as long as possible.

Hodja Ahmad Yasawi – a mystic from Central Asia

The main aim of the article is to analyze the life and activity of the Islamic mystic Hodja Ahmad Yasawi and to present the legacy he left behind. Sufism or Islamic mysticism is an important element of the spiritual heritage of the countries of Central Asia. Ahmad Yasawi was one of the first persons in the region who worked for the development of Islam in Sufism. He gave a lot from himself not only during his lifetime, but also after his death. The article will present the information on the death of the Sufi and his tomb, which is currently on the UNESCO World Heritage List. An important element of the article is the reference to the teachings preached by the mystic (including the silent dhikr) and his works (e.g. his most popular work i.e. Divan-i Hikmet).

Internal Subjective Determinants of Turkish Foreign Policy

The purpose of this article was to characterize selected subjective internal determinants affecting the foreign policy of the Republic of Turkey: the concept of foreign policy and the quality and activity of foreign service and diplomacy. The most important challenges that Ankara’s diplomacy was forced to address include the need for a clear statement on the side of one of the blocks fighting in World War II, reaching agreement with Greece, partially related to territorial disputes, arranging relations with the USA, Israel and Arab states, as well as conducting accession negotiations with NATO and the European Union. The assumption of power by the Justice and Development Party has started a new phase in Turkish foreign policy. The article indicates international initiatives undertaken by Turkish decision-makers after 2002, including the promotion of culture and language (Yunus Emre Institutes) and development assistance (Turkish Cooperation and Coordination Agency).

Onomastikon Polish surnames in documents of modern history of the Yaroslavl region

The article is devoted to the study of Polish and polonized surnames of the Yaroslavl region of Russia on the basis of a database formed from diverse documents of recent history, mostly modern authors. A range of sources of information about contemporary surname carriers is consecrated; an etymological analysis of the surnames is carried out, they are graded according to special features. The history of the repressiveness of the Soviet system in relation to the carriers of Polish surnames is traced. The conclusion is made about the strength of the essence and purpose of the foundations of Polish surnames as the most resistant element among the bearers of historical memory to the aggressive totalitarian environment.

Report from the international conference “National Security Strategy in a situation of threat – practical implications for the cooperation of local governments, society and uniformed services”, Włocławek, May 22–23, 2019

Interview with Zbigniew Wictor conducted by Xinhua Information Agency on the 70th anniversary of the People’s Republic of China, October 1, 2019

Работа рука об руку для создания светлого будущего для Китая и Польши (основной доклад посла КНР в Польше Лю Гуанюаня на конференции, посвященной 70-летию установления дипломатических отношений между Китаем и Польшей)

The Republic of Uzbekistan Ambassador to Poland Bakhrom Babaev’s speech at the reception dedicated to the 27th anniversary of Independence of the Republic of Uzbekistan