Quite a few studies, including the comparative-legal ones, have been devoted to the legal status of local self-government’s, but not many of them have regarded this institution’s status within the constitutional system from the viewpoint of the Polish state’s constitutional identity (its axiology). Moreover, the Polish literature so far has been lacking a complex study of this topic. Hence, the intention of this study is to attempt a systematic and comprehensive analysis of the political status of the local self-government in order to find and recreate the principle of the Polish political system which is adequate to that institution. The need to make such an analysis is obvious when we consider that the Polish Constitution of 2nd April 1997 does not name the principle of the system that would directly pertain to the constitutional position of this institution. To remove that lack of analysis, this article is devoted to constitute’s study of the institution of the local self-government discussed through the prism of the principle of protection of localself-government.