The most important factor conditioning school achievements is the economic and social status of the student’s family of origin. This has been confirmed many times by Polish and international studies, although the socio-economic status was described by various determinants. According to the theory of cultural capital P. Bordieu, the family is that which equips the child with various language and cultural competences that can be developed in the education process at various levels. However, the learning outcomes (in the form of grades and results of exams) are determined not only by family and environmental elements, but also by the organization of the school itself. An important role is also played by the teacher’s person, his methodological and substantive competences, as well as the ability to recognize the student’s potential and his characteristics conditioning the results achieved.

The article is devoted to the study of the regulatory framework for evaluating the activities of civil servants in Ukraine. In particular, the Law of Ukraine «On Civil Service» is analyzed, as well as the «Procedure for evaluation of civil servants performance results». The purpose of the article is to systematize the principles, procedures and features of evaluating the activities of civil servants, which should help increase the effectiveness of their professional competencies, as well as the functioning of personnel management services in public institutions. The research methodology is based on systemic and structuralfunctional approaches. One of the tasks of the study is to identify the negative aspects of current legislation. It is proved that the procedure of appealing the negative conclusion of the evaluation of the performance of a civil servant needs to be clarified, as well as the algorithm of his/her dismissal in case of receiving a negative evaluation. The peculiarities of evaluating the performance of civil servants who hold public office positions of category «A», «B» and «С» are analyzed.