Bohemian and Moravian influences in the material culture of the Polish lands during the formation of the early Piast state and their genesis

The text analyses Bohemian and Moravian influences on Polish lands during the formation of the Piast state in the tenth and eleventh centuries. It looks at various levels of material culture: construction, pottery, jewellery, coinage and, more generally, funeral culture. The analysis aims to identify the routes of transmission of southern impacts to Polish lands and to answer the question about the possible migration of Bohemian population into the Polish lands.

Canvas support, pigments, and moulding as manifestations of cultural identity: a study of the painting San Francisco distributing bread to the poor as a child (Cusco, Chile, ca. 1668–1684)

This article highlights the importance of applying material and technical studies to the pictorial heritage of Cusco, especially in situations where written accounts of the resources and creative processes involved in its production are limited. Through the analysis of samples of the physical order of the painting San Francisco distributing bread to the poor as a child, exhibited in the Museo Colonial de San Francisco in Santiago de Chile, the material iconological method was used to identify links with the European pictorial tradition and South Andean contributions and inventions. From this specific study, a way is presented by which a series of laboratory examinations focused on recognising the techniques and materials used in viceregal painting can provide valuable information about the context and society that gave them form and meaning.