Activity Tarnowskiej Delegation Książęco-Episcopal Assistance Committee in 1915–1917

Tarnowska delegation Książęco-episcopal Assistance Committee was officially was established on 19 August 1915 r. It was a transformation of Tarnowski Rescue Committee. This organization functioned during the First World War. Its patron was bishop of Tarnów Leon Wałęga. As part of its structure three sections: building, the orphan and food shortages were created. They were based on subsidies and donations, also from abroad. It moved to assist the most affected by the war diocese – orphans and the homeless, especially in rural areas. Delegation activity fell at the most difficult times. There was no shortage of clergy and lay people involved in helping the most needy. Institutional support was organized professionally. Thanks to the work Tarnowskiej Delegation K.B.K. many lives were saved.

In the nineteenth century the monopoly of salt industry functioned throughout the Habsburg monarchy. This monopoly acknowledged the underground salt for state ownership. Until the early 1890s the sale of salt took place on free-market principles. Recognizing the need to control the prices of salt as an important article of first necessity, Galician autonomous government decided to organize salt trade themselves. Under the agreement of 1892 with the Austrian government the sale of salt was organized by the National Department. The National Parliament had also set up a special Commission which oversaw the activities of the National Department regarding the sale of salt. The responsibility of the National Department was also to sell kainite (fertilizer salt). At the end of the nineteenth century there functioned 280 stores and 3500 agencies of salt trade under the National Board of Salt in Galicia. Therefore, domestic authorities in Galicia managed to organize the sale of salt at low prices, which was of great importance for the poverty – stricken community of the region. Despite many efforts, the attempts to obtain the right to mine salt under the control of Galician autonomous authorities’ board were unsuccessful.

The presence of Jews in the representations of Galician cities was both one of the results of the introduction of their equal rights, and its consolidation. Jews present in municipal governments took care about matters relevant not only for their community. They engaged in key projects directed at all citizens, regardless of faith and nationality. The voting system (due to the specific division into circles and curiae) preferred the richest and the best-educated. In consequence, the Jewish community was commonly represented in city councils by those coming from families of assimilated representatives of intelligentsia, merchants and bankers. Obviously, the greatest percentage of white-collar employees could be observed in bigger cities, being seats of courts, barrister’s chambers, notary offices, secondary schools and higher education institutions. Therefore, from that time on, their voice could be heard in the public space and had to be taken into account.

“Grandma Austria”, Polonia rediviva and the traps of destiny. Tadeusz Kudliński’s tricky interlinear gloss on post-Partitions history – The Grabowski Saga

This paper is an interpretation of Poland’s post-Partitions history as depicted in The Grabowski Saga, a story by Tadeusz Kudliński (1980). The focus is on the attitudes of the conservative Galician landed gentry to insurrectionary ideas.

Burial rituals and funerary services in the Polish community in Lvov in the late 19th and the early 20th centuries

The article’s goal is to highlight burial rituals and funerary services in the Polish community in Lvov in the late 19th and the early 20th centuries as the issues are rarely discussed in academic research. Poles (who prevailed in the city) were typically Roman Catholics. The funerary ritual was modelled by the Catholic tradition. In the last decades of the 19th century, funeral parlours emerged in Lvov to render services to the city’s affluent and poor inhabitants alike.

Economy, politics and identity: Galicia and the Habsburg Monarchy in the 19th century in the light of a historiographical debate on the empire, nation and region

This article takes a fresh look on the status of Galicia within the Habsburg Monarchy between the late 18th and the early 20th century, presenting the obstacles and opportunities of economic growth faced by imperial policy-makers. At the same time, an analysis is presented of the impact of the imperial experience on the process of forging national identities. The emphasis has been placed on how the increasing national fragmentation in a multi-cultural region affected economic prosperity.

Hospodářství, politika a identita: Halič a Habsburská monarchie v dlouhém 19. století na pozadí historiografické debaty o impériu, národě a regionu

Educational trips made by girls in Galicia, Eastern Europe, in the 19th and 20th centuries – a case study of the Załuski family

The article shows the changes in the education of girls from magnate families in Galicia in the 19th century. The memories of didactic travels of the women from the Załuski family were analyzed. Studies shows how young ladies learned under the tutelage of governess.

In the article, the process of the formation of Circus culture in the Western Ukrainian lands in the late eighteenth and the nineteenth centuries, during the time that they were a part of the Habsburg Empire, is researched. Based on the materials of the periodical press of the studied period, it describes the Circus troupes, Acrobats and the Magicians, which visited Lviv, and their artistic cast and repertoire. The performances in the city from the leading European troupes, and artists have been described in chronological order. The processes of the evolution and the diversification of the circus genres and performances have been tracked, and the features of the development of Circus Art described throughout this period have been determined. An attempt was made to analyze the perception of circus performances in the society, and to determine the status and place of the Circus in the cultural space of that time.