- Author:
Henryk Składanowski
- Institution:
Toruńska Wyższa Szkoła Przedsiębiorczości w Toruniu
- Year of publication:
2015
- Source:
Show
- Pages:
49-86
- DOI Address:
http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/ksm201504
- PDF:
ksm/20/ksm201504.pdf
The analysis of the materials show that the CIA prisons, where the members of Al-Kaida were kept and interrogated, were founded in Poland in 2002 when the country was governed by SLD. The PiS politicians who were in the following government knew about the fact but did not want to reveal it to the public. The party of PO which has been governing the country since 2007 has not solved the problem yet. European Court Of Human Rights held in its verdict of 24 July 2014 that there had been the CIA prisons in our country. According to that verdict Poland violated the European Convention on Human Rights and its ban on torture. Poland has not solved the problem, prolonging the investigation 15 times. It is extended until 11 April 2015. On 23 October 2014 our country appealed to European Court of Human Rights to hear the case again.
- Author:
Radosław Zarzecki
- E-mail:
radoslaw_zarzecki@yahoo.pl
- Institution:
Uniwersytet Wrocławski
- Year of publication:
2019
- Source:
Show
- Pages:
29-45
- DOI Address:
https://doi.org/10.15804/so2019202
- PDF:
so/16/so1602.pdf
U.S. support for the mujahideen: 1979–1986
U.S. support for the mujahideen was a crucial factor in Soviet-Afghan war. Thanks to American aid the Muslim fighters from Afghanistan could effectively defend themselves from communist forces. The history of Operation Cyclone can also been seen as perfect example of Ronald Reagan’s administration foreign policy and implementation of Reagan Doctrine in practice. It is also worth remembering that origins of support for the mujahideen are deeply connected with Jimmy Carter’s administration, especially to National Security Advisor Zbigniew Brzezinski. The 1979 is commonly viewed as year that brought a pivotal change not only in the U.S. policy, but also in whole Cold War rivalry. In that time the Greater Middle East has become the most important region in foreign policy of United States, and it has remained so to this day. History of U.S. support for the mujahideen is vitally important to understanding the Islamic terrorism phenomenon and war of terror, that shapes international relations in the 21st century.