The Polish National Assembly is a constitutional governing body, endowed with unique powers that cannot be exercised by any other body. However, the status of the Assembly as a separate state organ raises doubts. Since the restoration of the Assembly, its position in the system has changed significantly, which was related to the multiple modification of the competences of this organ. The evolution of this organ in 1989-2020 allows treating it as an interesting research case. Especially since the competences of the National Assembly are crucial for ensuring the continuity of state power.

Prosecutor’s Office in the Visegrad Group Countries – History, Comparative Legal Remarks, Cooperation

The public prosecutor’s office is one of the most important state organs responsible for upholding the rule of law and prosecuting crimes. The efficient functioning of the office is one of the guarantees of the implementation of a democratic state ruled by law. After 1989, in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe, after independence from Soviet influence, the prosecution authorities began to reform, trying to adapt to the new conditions. The exchange of mutual experiences in this area has a special form in the case of Poland, Hungary, Slovakia and the Czech Republic, i.e. the countries making up the so-called Visegrad Group, within which the prosecutors general meet each year to deepen cooperation. The purpose of this article is to present the principles of the functioning of the prosecutor’s office in the V4 countries and to compare them also from a historical perspective.

Public manifestation of disregard for the Polish nation, the Republic of Poland and its constitutional authorities is a misdemeanor. Such disregard is not within the scope of the freedom of public debate. Such disregard is not within the concept of insult.

The Syntactic-Chronological Structure of Article 5 of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland and the Independence of the State in Relation to other Values of This Provision

The subject of consideration is the logical analysis of Art. 5 of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland, which, with its scope of norms, covers the fundamental obligations of the State. The political-legal approach to this issue includes a reflection on whether the syntactic-chronological structure of Art. 5 states that the independence of the state is more important than the security of individuals/citizens, because by maintaining independence the state can ensure the security of the individual. The article uses the sentence analysis methods of formal logic, formal-dogmatic, systemic and institutional-legal analysis. The analysis shows that, from a logical point of view, the overriding values are independence and the associated inviolability of territory, from which the possibility of the state’s existence is derived. All other values are subordinate to the independence of the state, because without it they do not exist.