The subject of the elaboration is kantianism and Neo-kantianism as a philosophical provenance of intellectual assumptions in the concept of the Grundnorm by Hans Kelsen. In the beginning this text presents an introduction to the research analysis. An important legal issue is the Grundnorm in the structure of legal standards. These reflections are based on eighteenth and nineteenth century philosophies, such as Kant’s metaphysics and Cohen’s formalism. The above arguments are relevant for the science in the concept of the Grundnorm by Hans Kelsen. The text uses foreign literature. The article contains a short summary.

Dilemmas of Freedom and their Legal Implications

Each legal institution begins from an idea, therefore a thought is primary in relation to the legal norm created by the legislator. This makes the analysis of this idea is significant and cannot be ignored. Freedom is one of the fundamental rights guaranteed by the contemporary constitutionalism. The article is an analysis of the philosophical and legal understanding of the concept of freedom and the ways of its transfer to the law. The author claims that the concept of freedom is a vague concept for a European lawyer, on the foundation of which it is difficult to build a legal system. On the one hand, this concept seems familiar and it is difficult to directly deny it, but its definition, and even more so, the adoption of the consequences associated with this definition is debatable.