- Author:
Wojciech Grabowski
- Institution:
University of Gdańsk
- Year of publication:
2020
- Source:
Show
- Pages:
18-31
- DOI Address:
https://doi.org/10.15804/athena.2020.68.02
- PDF:
apsp/68/apsp6802.pdf
The aim of the article is to analyze security in the Persian Gulf through the prism of the theory of regional security complex. The Middle East is a conflict formation that refers to the model of security interdependence between the countries of the region, which is shaped by the fear of war and expectancy of violence. Distrust and ubiquitous threat prevail in the relations of the Gulf States. In response, these countries form alliances, which creates a security dilemma. In the article I will try to answer the questions: what determinants affect the security of the Gulf States and what role the U.S. play in security issues in the Persian Gulf?
- Author:
Agnieszka Nitszke
- Institution:
Jagiellonian University in Kraków
- ORCID:
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6108-0663
- Year of publication:
2023
- Source:
Show
- Pages:
179-193
- DOI Address:
https://doi.org/10.15804/athena.2023.79.09
- PDF:
apsp/79/apsp7909.pdf
While the crises of 2015 and 2022, albeit with different burdens and responsibilities, were pan- European, the crisis on the Polish-Belarusian and Polish-Lithuanian borders can be considered as a regional crisis in which the countries directly affected are involved. For this reason, this crisis is the least studied and recognized outside the country. The aim of the article is to present the genesis, course, and consequences of the crisis on the Polish-Belarusian border in the context of European law. The Polish government has challenged the basic regulations regarding the right to apply for international protection, citing issues of national security protection, as well as using a sovereign narrative. The research hypothesis assumes that the previously Europeanised migration and asylum policy has been nationalised in Poland in connection with the actions of the Polish authorities in response to the crisis. The analysis will be conducted through the prism of the theory of Europeanization, using elements of securitization theory.
- Author:
Marek Pietraś
- Institution:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej w Lublinie
- ORCID:
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9334-7737
- Year of publication:
2023
- Source:
Show
- Pages:
253-279
- DOI Address:
https://doi.org/10.15804/athena.2023.78.14
- PDF:
apsp/78/apsp7814.pdf
Health security as a dimension of international security
Health security is a dimension of international security, resulting from the securitization of its threats. The article proposes to include health security in the second generation of non-military dimensions of security (the first generation being those proposed by the Copenhagen school). The aim of the article is to analyze the specificity, i.e., autonomization, of health security in relation to: 1) the specificity of threats; 2) securitization of these threats; 3) determination of the referent object; 4) ensuring health security. The focus was on the structure of the phenomenon and the structure of each of its elements. Firstly, the specificity of securitization of health threats by a political entity such as the United States was analyzed in particular. Secondly, the human individual was taken into account as susceptible to health hazards. Thirdly, actions for health security were analyzed at the level of the international system and at the level of national health care systems.