Legal status of judges in Finland. Theoretical and legal analysis

The legal status of judges, based on ensuring their autonomic and independent functioning, is a fundamental attribute of the system of justice, a prerequisite and a guarantee of the implementation of the principle of a democratic legal state. It is not different in the Finnish constitutional system. The aim of this study is to analyze the legal status of judges in Finland. The subject of the analysis covers the examination of the qualifications required from candidates for the post of a judge, the procedures for their appointment and dismissal, and the attributes of the realization of their autonomic and independent status. The legal analysis has been conducted on the grounds of the provisions of the Basic Law of 1999 regarding the status of judges and the provisions of the relevant laws on courts and the appointment of judges. This study allowed to conclude that the above guarantees enable the objective and impartial functioning of the judiciary in Finland in accordance with the principle of a democratic state ruled by law, as in terms of adjudication courts are fully autonomic and independent and are not subject to state control, while court judgments are the last resort guaranteeing parties respect for their rights in relations with the state.