The main aim of this article is to describe the system of higher education in Russia. Moscow is the biggest academic center in Russian Federation. There are about 60 universities. The largest and most popular are Moscow State University, The Pushkin State Russian Language Institute, International University in Moscow and Moscow State Institute of International Relations. They are two levels of higher education in Russia – Bachelor’s degree (4 years) and Master’s degree (2 years). Both could be obtained while studying full-time or part-time. After that, there is a possibility to finish postgraduate studies. Russian universities cooperate with many foreign educational institutions (including Polish universities). Not only do students have the opportunity to leave in Moscow but also study at Russian academies, for example, Pushkin State Russian Language Institute, Moscow State Institute of International Relations and Diplomatic Academy.

Higher education in Moscow is affected by various problems. One of them is a decreasing level of education. In fact, students do their specializations, however the level of their general knowledge seems to be low. Furthermore, the education is commercialized since everyone would like to receive a Master’s degree. It suggests that in the near future not only will Russian society have a bigger cadre of professors but also more business and financial universities.

This study aims to describe a culture-based social studies learning model to foster student multiculturalism. Research and Development design was employed, with junior high school students in Sumedang Indonesia as the subjects of the research. The proposed model is a strategy for crafting a learning environment and experience that integrate culture as inevitable part of the learning process. The teaching materials encompass the diversity of Indonesian cultures. Culture-based learning steps manifest in multiculturalism class contracts, delivery of introductory materials, library inquiry, demonstration of cultural performance, modeling/guest teachers, and value clarification technique (VCT) cultural value analysis, material review and reflection of multiculturalism values. The model significantly influenced the development of student multiculturalism.

Student personal data and image protection at school – legal aspects
The personal data of students are very important, and their protection from the point of view of the good of the child and the proper functioning of the institution is important. The main legal act that regulates it is the law on the protection of personal data. Teachers’ awareness of the knowledge of the above-mentioned Act and its application and the consequences of its violations is important.

Planning and implementation of media coverage in didactic practice
The aim of the article is to present the course of optional classes in the field of media planning and delivery, held at the Maria Curie-Sklodowska University in Lublin, in the field of public relations and media advisory services in the academic year 2016/2017. This description is intended to familiarize the readers with one of the ways of conducting practical activities on a particular example.

This research aims to develop a model of a civic education textbook on the basis of living values education. This study uses the approach of Research and Development at the stage of product development. Results reveal the follow- ing: 1) living values education-based civic education textbooks conceptually incorporate living values and the principles of living values education into the textbook; 2) the textbook chapters include title, introduction, concept roadmap, keywords, presentation of materials, clarification of the values of life, exercises, summary, reflection, authentic assessment, feedback, and follow-up activities; 3) the values of life can be integrated into the textbook through features of civic values, words of wisdom, analysis of life values, reflection, and attitude assessment.

The aim of this study was to explain the relation between social and academic support of students’ adaptation to college. The results of this study show that there were a weak and a reverse correlation between the discharge support and personal adaptability and total adaptation. There was a direct correlation between emotional support and social adaptation and dependence adaptation, a  direct correlation between socializing with social adaptation and total adaptation, a  direct correlation between practical support with social and dependence adaptation and among a variety of kinds of academic support, the discharge support can predict students’ adaptation to university, as well as among a variety of kinds of social support, socialization can predict students’ adaptation to college.

The study describes a model of living values education in teaching materials and its impact on the civic disposition of students. It employs the design of research and development in Civic education department, Indonesia University of education. The model of living values education in teaching materials is an integration of the living values in the teaching materials presented in the framework of the material. It includes introduction, keyword, map of concepts, subject matter, discussion, living values, conclusions, reflection on the value application, and references. The application of the model of living values education in teaching materials significantly affects students’ civic disposition.

The purpose of the presented research was to find out which external and internal considerations and life experience motivate students for acquiring university education for the teaching profession to major in preschool teaching. Data collection was based on the method of unstructured interview on a given theme. Evaluation was based on coding. The presented factors are external factors of the “people” category. Every category is divided into sub-categories and the subcategories are further subdivided to subgroups on the basis of the nature of the incentive. Young people were mainly affected in their decision-making by their mother, her professional and private behaviour, by positive stimuli from their grandmothers, aunts and children. Fathers were not mentioned as actors in making this kind of decision. The most frequently mentioned human factor was represented by female teachers on different levels of education and from different school types. The discouraging factors included schoolmates. Children and schoolmates were newly identified considerations.

The popularity of games, both computer ones and those with a board, does not surprise anyone these days. They are played by both youngest children as well as adults. It may thus be worthwhile to introduce games into academic education as one of educational activities. For thanks to a game, one can better understand a given problem, actively participate in its resolution, but also study material from a given lesson unit. Whether educational games work out as tools in educating students and whether they can be recommended to learners at the primary level of education - it will turn out in the further part of the article. Our intention is to carry out an experiment in which we wish to compare two groups of students, one of which (the experimental group) is using games during their classes, whilst the other one (the control group) is not using such games and acquires material in the traditional form.

Na sytuację życiową osób z niepełnosprawnością, poza czynnikami indywidualnymi, ekonomicznymi czy prawnymi, oddziałują dominujące w społeczeństwie zachowania i nastawienia wobec nich (Ostrowska, 1997). W artykule wykorzystano wyniki badań własnych (Kapias, 2017), których celem było poznanie deklarowanych postaw studentów pełnosprawnych wobec studentów z niepełnosprawnością oraz poznanie opinii studentów niepełnosprawnych na ten temat, a także ustalenie różnic i podobieństw pomiędzy nimi. Badania były prowadzone metodą sondażu diagnostycznego, a wzięło w nich udział 116 studentów pełnosprawnych oraz 108 studentów z niepełnosprawnością. Ze względu na obszerność badań artykuł traktuje jedynie o deklaracjach studentów pełnosprawnych. Na podstawie zebranych danych można stwierdzić, iż najczęściej deklarowaną postawą wobec niepełnosprawności jako Inności była postawa ambiwalentna, a postawy negatywne należały do mniejszości.

The most important factor conditioning school achievements is the economic and social status of the student’s family of origin. This has been confirmed many times by Polish and international studies, although the socio-economic status was described by various determinants. According to the theory of cultural capital P. Bordieu, the family is that which equips the child with various language and cultural competences that can be developed in the education process at various levels. However, the learning outcomes (in the form of grades and results of exams) are determined not only by family and environmental elements, but also by the organization of the school itself. An important role is also played by the teacher’s person, his methodological and substantive competences, as well as the ability to recognize the student’s potential and his characteristics conditioning the results achieved.

We współczesnym społeczeństwie sukces i jakość życia jednostki uzależnione są od zdobytego przez nią wykształcenia. Z licznych badań wynika, że właśnie deficyt niezbędnego poziomu wykształcenia należy do kluczowych czynników odpowiedzialnych za społeczne, a przede wszystkim ekonomiczne wykluczenie Romów. W ten sposób w dłuższej perspektywie system kształcenia jest niezwykle istotnym narzędziem służącym do ograniczenia skutków marginalizacji Romów i umożliwiającym wzrost ich szans na zaangażowanie społeczne. Systematyczne kroki wspierające kształcenie romskich dzieci oraz ich sukcesy w szkole budzą duże nadzieje, są również przedmiotem wielu wysiłków i pochłaniają znaczące środki finansowe. Artykuł powstał na podstawie projektu grantowego IGA SV60171706020 / 2110 Koncepcja wartości edukacyjnych z perspektywy uczniów z różnych środowisk kulturowych (Uniwersytet Tomasa Baty w Zlínie, Wydział Humanistyczny, Wydział Nauk Pedagogicznych, Republika Czeska). Autorka wykorzystuje częściowo wyniki realizowanego projektu, skupia się nie tylko na przyczynach szkolnych niepowodzeń romskich uczniów i studentów, ale głównie na czynnikach warunkujących pozytywną ścieżkę edukacyjną wyróżnionych grup. Przy wykorzystaniu metody rozmów narracyjnych z Romami z wyższym wykształceniem poszukuje ważnych momentów i specyficznych sytuacji, które przyczyniły się do uzyskania przez nich sukcesów edukacyjnych, ukoronowanych uzyskaniem absolutorium wyższej uczelni. Wyniki przeprowadzonych badań wskazują, iż aspiracje edukacyjne, jasno określone cele, wysoka pozycja edukacji w systemie wartości jednostki oraz własne możliwości i wysiłek są czynnikami determinującymi sukcesy szkolne romskich uczniów. Istotne są też rola wzorca grupy społecznej, jaką jest inteligencja romska, oraz postawa nauczyciela i jego kompetencje.

Artykuł przybliża czytelnikowi wybrane aspekty obrazu nauczyciela akademickiego w deklaracji grupy studentów polskich i zagranicznych. W związku z zwiększającym się udziałem studentów z zagranicy w polskim rynku edukacyjnym autorka poszukiwała odpowiedzi na temat oczekiwań studentów związanych z rolą nauczyciela akademickiego. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie wybranych aspektów roli nauczyciela w opinii studentów zagranicznych oraz polskich. Badanie opinii studentów zostało przeprowadzone w maju i czerwcu 2019 roku w Akademii WSB w Dąbrowie Górniczej, gdzie uczą się studenci z Polski, Ukrainy i wielu innych krajów świata. Autorka zakładała, że z powodu różnic kulturowych obraz nauczyciela akademickiego w oczach poszczególnych grup studentów może się różnić. Z przeprowadzonych badań wynika jednak, że studenci, co prawda, preferują różne formy zajęć, ale niezależnie od kraju, z którego pochodzą, oczekują aktywnego i energicznego nauczyciela, przekazującego wiedzę w sposób jasny i zrozumiały, będącego profesjonalistą w swojej pracy.

In the article, I focus on the elements of school’s culture, which is present in the narrative of the child’s student, embedding my reflections in the psychocultural approach to education (J.S. Bruner) and the Goffman’s model of total institutions. The collision of the child’s world, created by the culture of the family environment with the culture of the school, brings with it many tensions and imperatives for the constant reconstruction of meanings so far (un) present in his biographical experience. The analysis and interpretation of the child’s narrative interview in a constructivist approach has allowed to gather knowledge about patterns of behavior, prohibitions, precepts, expectations and values that the school culture overtly or covertly imposes on the child, socializing him/her into the role of a student. The cultural aspects taken up in the child’s narrative show what elements of the school’s cultural world represent opportunities and threats for the development of his or her identity and personality towards a sense of causality and values.

The subject of the article covers issues related to the presence of neoliberal educational messages in school practice. The study contains an analysis of the teacher’s narrative, the purpose of which was to identify and describe elements that fit into neoliberal assumptions of education. The reconstruction of everyday school life (micro level) enabled the manifestations of instrumentalisation of education, rivalry and competitive aspects in the teacher’s work and the practice of forming homo oeconomicus at school. Commodification of an individual in free market conditions is reflected in a profit-maximizing school, i.e., achieving high results in external examinations owing to an educational process organized effectively, and minimizing costs by, for example, selecting students and by eliminating the “maladjusted” from schools. In the text, I outline a portrait of a teacher functioning professionally, who builds his profession on the foundation of neoliberal assumptions about education. I analyze the teacher’s understanding of school education, which is present in the teacher’s narratives, as a space for a specific market game and competition, defining the effectiveness of school work by high level of students’ examination results and the original concept of working with a supervised class reduced to the implementation of a business project.

Integration of educational processes is fundamental to the modern learning paradigm. It is based on the critical approach to vocational training and gives students an opportunity to prepare well for their future professional life. Ability to solve complex problems is key and knowledge integration is central to the successful development of an independent learner. Research shows that the mastery of a specialist is directly dependent on their ability to solve complex problems. This, in turn, is highly reliant on the ability to apply knowledge to solving interdisciplinary problems. The presented article shows that integrated knowledge is both more encompassing and succinct at the same time. It comprises specific educational problems, the solution of which aids the development of professional competence and optimizes the educational process.

Many authors have spoken against controlling environments and in favour of autonomous ones. In order to estimate perceived autonomy levels in the classroom, we decided to compare teachers’ perceptions with students’ ones, gaining a more accurate idea of the autonomy levels present in the classroom. The study participants (231 students, 18 teachers) provided data which showed how the teachers’ perceptions differ from the students’ ones in all cases, generally the teachers rating autonomy levels higher than the students. We also found indicators of differences present among teachers of the same subject areas as well as in terms of the students’ gender, school and age.

The article aims to show the importance of the teacher’s authority in the modern school. The authors present a different view from the one well established in the literature looking at the problem of the formation of teachers’ authority. In addition to the definitions relating to the professional competence and cognitive abilities, a significant aspect of the analysis was focused on the teacher’s ability to form and shape the student’s sense of belonging to school. The paper also includes the research findings univocally indicating that the teacher is a highly regarded authority if they can build and maintain positive relationships in the classroom between them and students as well as between the students themselves, especially the ones manifesting difficulties in the current social functioning.

One of the significant predispositions of the teacher is the ability to cope with emotions, which is recognized as emotional intelligence. The study was conducted among the students of the Academy of Physical Education in Wroclaw (263 individuals). In a group of students some were selected who declared their intention to work as teachers (95 people); the remaining students were the control group. According to the collected data, emotional intelligence of most of the students is average, and the belief concerning the level of this competence is overestimated in many cases. This result is particularly unsatisfactory for those associating their future with the teaching profession, for they are expected to have better interpersonal skills.

In context of current psychological and pedagogical works, pupils/students are treated as active „players” who are able to deal with unfavorable educational environment effectively. In response to that, they experience in schools or universities every day, they use different strategies of coping with formal and informal requirements. These strategies are one of the dimensions of the so-called hidden curriculum. The purpose of this article is - on the basis of the content’s analysis of the UJ pedagogy student essays - to reconstruct the students strategies of coping in university and its determinants. Studying at the university students gain an informal knowledge that pedagogy is a low social status field of studying, is not particularly forwardlooking, the education they obtain is incomplete. To increase their chances at the labor market, they are taking part in various forms of training, also outside of the university. This spontaneous activity gives them worldly wisdom, sense of agency, personal growth, developing self-confidence and a better future. The attractiveness of the so-called patchwork education weakens their interest in official knowledge and formal education. Students learn many negative coping strategies at the university. Their primary goal is to gain profits - graduation - while minimizing their time and commitment. Strategies used by them survival and „working an angle” are examples of violations of the law, teach instrumental approach to: knowledge, teachers or peers. The results of the research showed that these strategies have demoralizing effect on other students, reducing their motivation and academic ambitions. A number of the strategies referred to in the paper disclose different dimensions of bogus student life and undermine various myths concerning the centuries-old mission of the university.