Teacher professional activity, its quality and work efficiency are conditioned by social changes and educational reforms. The following question guides this analysis: What is the impact of professional burnout and professional satisfaction on the development of teachers’ professional career? The analysis of scientific literature was selected for the theoretical explanation of the research problem as well as a quantitative research method was selected for the empirical research. The indicators on the questionnaire scales provided an opportunity to determine the links between Lithuanian teachers’ professional burnout and vocational satisfaction according to different stress dimensions. Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS 23. The results of theoretical and empirical research made it possible to establish the main factors affecting teachers’ professional career:1) significantly reduced ability to work, productivity, lack of work-life balance and self-control at work (professional burnout factors); 2) personal fulfilment and self-realisation and wishing to contribute to social well-being (professional satisfaction factors).