In the proposed paper, I would like to draw attention to the workshop on self-experience in academic education, and especially in the education of students of humanities. The subject matter of the undertaken research was the experiences related to the participation of art therapy students in self experience workshops, which constitute an important element of personal development on the path of preparation for a professional role. A practical goal was established. It was important to show the effects of emotional work, shaping self-awareness, and analyzing the functioning of the students in a relationship with another human being. An important part of the article are the narratives of the students, which were subjected to qualitative analysis. These self-reflections of students clearly show the correlated stages: insightful self-development, thanks to which students acquire interpersonal skills and, as a result, learn how to work using art therapy with an individual and a group.

Approbation of the training program for the formation of personal identity of adolescents

The article presents the results of the empirically confirmed approbation of the training program for the formation of the personal identity of adolescents. A study of the psychological characteristics of adolescents’ identity and the factors that determine the success of the identity crisis is presented. The study reflects the implementation of two stages - ascertaining and forming. Reliable and valid psychodiagnostic methods are used: the method «Who am I?» of M. Kuhn and T. McPartland, methods of studying personal identity of L.B. Schneider, Spielberger- Hanin anxiety scale, the test of semantic life orientations of D.O. Leontiev. Novovolynsk high school № 4 named after T.G. Shevchenko was chosen as the experimental basis of the empirical study, with the participation of 30 respondents, aged 14-16. The first stage covers the data collection on the current state of personal identity of adolescents and the factors that are decisive in the process of its formation, among which are: low rates of «Communicative Self», «Material Self»; high scores according to two identity statuses (pseudo-positive, identity moratorium); low values on the subscales «Purpose in life», «Life process», «Life performance», «Locus of control Self», «Locus of control-life»; high level of anxiety. The areas in which the identity of the adolescent’s personality is best manifested have been identified - «Reflective Self», «Social Self». The formative stage represents the development of the training program «Know Yourself» in order to realize personal identity; comparative analysis of the results obtained during the ascertaining and formative research. As a result of verification of its relevance and effectiveness at the formative stage, a significant increase in the “Communicative Self” of adolescents; reducing the percentage of respondents with a pseudo-positive identity and a moratorium on identity; increase in the indicator of general meaningfulness; reduction of general anxiety. The effectiveness and efficiency of the training program are supported by the Student’s t-test, which presents the importance of indicators of the general level of anxiety and the general level of understanding. Perspective for further research is shown in a detailed study of indicators of personal identity crisis in adolescents in the form of empirical research, which aims to understand the success of adolescent identity and assess individual factors influencing the process of overcoming personal identity crisis.

The article outlines the transformation of educational experience of student teachers in solving educational situations into their pedagogical knowledge, using self-reflection. Self-reflection is not understood here only as a turn to the past (to what a student was doing) but mainly to the future. So it does not concern introspection, but active anticipation of new educational situations by a student and his/her practical behaviour. The author tried to determine basic moments of the process of transforming educational experience into knowledge: attempts of a student to act actively in an educational situation, feed-back from students (how their attention was attracted during microteaching), but also from observing colleagues, self-reflection, students searching for the dynamism of his/her behaviour (contrasts between what he/she already knows and what he/she still does not know, what he/she still lacks to manage the situation, which can lead to understanding this situation), the repetition of student attempts to act in another educational situation, the higher level of student self-reflection with the utilization of feedback.

The text deals with teachers’ attitudes and opinions of the transformation of the Czech schools. It answers the following question: Which are the risky factors for current teachers to be able to adopt the concept of the integrated teaching process and to be able to get rid of residue of the encyclopaedic approach to the teaching process in Czech schools. Teachers’ attitudes and their connection with reflection of their work and their self-reflection are defined briefly. The author describes research problems, questions, hypotheses and aims of the research realised in 20 schools in the city of Ostrava and its neighbourhood within the Research Project of our organisation named New Opportunities in Education of Teachers, Educators and Pupils for the Learning Society of the 21st Century (VZO CEZ: JOB/98: 174500001) during the years 2000– 2003. She interprets results of this research and conclusions following from it for the pedagogical practice.

This paper draws attention to the significance of implicit pedagogical knowledge in the educational process of future teaching staff . Implicit pedagogical knowledge is here understood to be the “hidden” knowledge of students of teaching, which originates on the basis of their prior experience, is derived from a student’s implicit theories of learning and teaching, is interlinked with their explicit knowledge – and which influences the behaviour of the student in a pedagogical situation. In the process of creating and developing implicit pedagogical knowledge, the author considers the following to be key elements: self-reflection and the publicising and sharing of pedagogical experience. He indicates that it is absolutely essential that the traditional understanding (such as has been handed down to-date in the literature) be enriched by a new dimension – and especially by the dimension of one’s personality. He offers a newly-coined term “pedagogical condition”, which is understood to describe the ability and flexibility of a student to behave proactively under a variety of pedagogical situations.