This article deals with two subjects which form an inevitable part of the discussion on Czech basic schools. First, there is school development from the inside, individual and group learning and organizational development in schools. Second, there is the double task of Czech basic schools to provide pupils with primary and, subsequently, lower secondary education. The aim of the analysis is to compare evidence given by teachers at the primary and lower secondary levels of basic schools about processes which create the dimensions of a professional learning community. Analysis of the data obtained from this research, which was carried out in Czech basic schools, leads to the conclusion that despite a relatively large conformity in the adult actors’ perception of systematicity in handling the subjects of learning, this perception cannot be considered homogeneous.