This article is the result of the scientific meeting organized by the KUL, in June 2021, concerning the topic of the constitutional identity. One of the intriguing problems in constitutional law is just the problem of constitutional identity. Constitutional Identity has three functions. The most important consistent that identity determines the “core” or “nucleus” of each constitution. The answer to radical question “what is the preambule to the Polish Constitution for?” should be that it mostly serves to express constitutional identity. This the basic function of this part of the Polish Constitution. Above all, constitutional identity “emerges” from national identity. Both identities are connected with each other in the preambule of the Polish Constitution.

Constitutional change is inherently a significant social and political event which, given the assumed stability of the constitutional order in the state, should not happen too often. A significant effect of any change to the constitution should therefore be its systemic usefulness in the longer term - corresponding to the concept of the durability of constitutional change. The aim of this article is to present the theoretical determinants of this change from the perspective of its assumed durability, taking into account the circumstances related not only to the constitutionally formalized mode of amending the constitution, but also taking into account other systemic factors, i.e. mainly social, political and legal conditions of the functioning of a given constitution. As a result of the adopted research assumptions, the analysis carried out here is characterized by a functional approach and concerns the following detailed issues: the theoretical characteristics of constitutional change and the theoretical determinants of this change in the context of its assumed durability.

The Myth of Constitutional Liability

The article attempts to prove that the mechanism of constitutional liability, generally accepted in democratic countries, is largely based on a systemic myth, which is primarily of historical origin, but which does not correspond to the modern doctrinally distinguished functions of law, constitution and its guarantees. In this context, this particular type of legal liability of high state officials has been subjected mainly to a theoretical functional analysis and taking into account teleological criteria, as well as factors that affect its assumed and actual systemic shape.