The aim of this article is to present formal organisations employees’ attitudes towards organisational change explanatory model. Initially, main results of conducted desk research on uptodate literature in the field are presented. The analysed secondary data sources mainly consist of research results on social phenomena accompanying organisational change. Three main conclusions of desk research constitute a basis for the explanatory model itself: an existence of noticeable need of bridging gaps between paradigms, necessity of taking a more balanced view on distance in employees attitudes towards change initiative and explaining relationship between individual attitudes and organisational culture. Next, the theoretical model of employees’ attitudes towards organisational change explanation is presented. It is developed on a basis of three distinguished concepts: Pamela S. Tolbert’s and Lynne G. Zucker’s microinstitutional theory, Krzysztof Konecki’s integrated organisational culture model and Paul J. Di Maggio’s and Walter W. Powell’s organizational field concept. Finally, the capabilities and challenges related to empirical application of presented explanatory model are discussed.

Cybersecurity culture in the public and private sector area in the Central European region

Cyber security is a growing problem associated with everything a citizen or organisation does in cyberspace. The problem thus outlined fits into a multifaceted programme that can be addressed through cyber security management. The analysis in the article compares the level of cyber security awareness among the staff of public institutions and the private sector in four Central European countries, namely Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Hungary. Public institutions are by nature open, decentralised and rich in a wide range of data about the state, society, economy, economics and research and innovation. For this reason, they are often exposed to serious cyber threats. This study examines the relationship between cyber security culture and the urgent need for preventive action against possible cyber threats. The main thesis of the study is that an adequate understanding of cyber security culture and improved awareness among employees about digital threats is key to achieving cyber security growth. The research illustrates breaches in so-called digital hygiene, which are caused by a lack of knowledge, skills and errors in employee behaviour. Following a survey of staff employed in both public and private organisations, an identification of key cyber security risk factors is made. Increasing staff competencies can help improve cyber resilience.