The consumer’s right to information of  a personal nature in the Polish Constitution

The article refers to the consumer’s right to information, which is expressed in art. 51 of the Polish Constitution. The author analyzed that provision, explaining the possibility of its horizontal effect, e.g. B2C. Due to the fact that constitutional rules are clarified by statutes, it was reasonable to draw attention to the statute of 29 August 1997 on the protection of personal data, namely the art. 24, art. 25, art. 32 and art. 33. Those provisions relate to the powers of a weaker entity in terms of access to information relating to it.

The relevance of this research topic is due, on the one hand, the importance of studying the mechanisms of protection of consumers of financial services in martial law, and on the other – the presence of theoretical and practical legal issues related to state control in this area. According to its legal content, martial law is a special legal regime that can be imposed under certain conditions throughout Ukraine or in some of its territories. The basis for the imposition of martial law may be armed aggression or the threat of attack, as well as the threat to state independence of Ukraine and the territorial integrity of the country. In order to avert threats to national security, the relevant authorities, military administrations, military command and local self-government bodies are given the necessary powers during martial law. The purpose of the research is to conduct a comprehensive scientific analysis of theoretical, practical and regulatory issues of protection of consumers of financial services in martial law and develop proposals to improve existing legislation to harmonize national legislation with European Union law. The author notes that based on the analysis of emergency regulations of the National Bank of Ukraine aimed at protecting the rights of consumers of financial services in martial law, a number of conclusions can be drawn. Provisions on the protection of consumers of financial services in martial law should protect the interests of consumers by encouraging the provision of quality services and fair competition. Withdrawal from the market of those participants whose services are directly related to the financial institutions of the aggressor state, low quality and based on fraud and abuse, or those who seek to maximize profits in the short term to the detriment of long-term value to customers and shareholders in fact, one of the main purposes of such regulation.