The present legal status of Transnistria neither seems to be obvious, nor distinctly determined. Its estimation in the context of the region’s statehood has been a subject of disputes of, and divides at the same time, the theorists of state, international lawyers, as well as experts in international relations and political sciences. The hereby paper is an attempt of making the analysis of the selected issues determining Transdniester’s status, first and foremost from the perspective of the theory of state and constitutional law, but also taking into account the international law point of view. It aims at finding an answer to the question on its legal and constitutional status as it is seen by both the unrecognized Transnistria’s state and Moldavia. The subject of the work contains the analysis of the elements of a state’s definition in the context of Transnistria. Moreover, it comprises considerations over the right of nations to self-determination and the problem of sovereignty as regards to the region. It also concentrates on the analysis of Transnistria’s status based on the Moldavian legislation, as well as different possibilities and opportunities/chances to solve the conflict lasting for almost thirty years.

The genesis of the Nation and State at the Transnistria Land

Nowadays the legal status of Transnistria neither seems to be obvious nor distinctly determined, and its estimation in the context of the region’s statehood has been a subject of disputes of the theorists of state, international lawyers, experts in international relations and political sciences. The hereby paper is a starting phase of the research over the region’s legal status and aims at deriving the genesis of Transnistria’s government and politics. It is the fragmentary result of a wider research over Transdniester’s status, which will by all means contribute to the reliable conclusions in this scope on the further research stages. The subject of the work is the historical analysis of the beginnings of shaping the nation and later also a state in Transnistria, dating back to the Ancient Times, through the Middle Ages, including its belonging to Kievan Rus’, later to the Moldavian state, and partly also to the Polish Crown. The analysis also contains the examining of its status during the Turkish and Russian dominations. 20 th and 21 st centuries, being its newest history, are undoubtedly particularly important periods of Transnistria’s political history, especially the process of forming and development of the independent state which, despite existing for over 25 years, is still placed among a group of few creatures unrecognized by the international community.

Celem artykułu jest charakterystyka stanowisk: Federacji Rosyjskiej, Mołdawii i nieuznawanej Naddniestrzańskiej Republiki Mołdawskiej wobec obecności rosyjskich sił zbrojnych na obszarze Naddniestrza oraz motywacja działań podjętych w tej kwestii. W pierwszej części pracy skoncentrowano wysiłki na przedstawieniu genezy powstania państwa nieuznawanego w granicach Mołdawii i znaczenia dla tego procesu formacji rosyjskich. Następnie zaprezentowano podejście zainteresowanych stron do problemu alokacji sił rosyjskich w Naddniestrzu. Ponadto uwzględniono głos szeroko pojętej społeczności międzynarodowej (rezolucja ZO ONZ). Zaakcentowano również uwzględnienie tego zagadnienia w nowej strategii obrony Mołdawii (2018). Za priorytet uznano wydarzenia zaistniałe w drugiej dekadzie XXI w.