The Notion of a Community Organization in the Context of Election Code Provisions

The concept of “community organization” appears in the election code as one of the entities authorized to create election committees in local elections, although it has not been precisely defined. The aim of the article is to analyze this concept more closely and to determine the characteristics of a community organization based on the jurisprudence and doctrinal views in the field of constitutional law and other branches of law, particularly administrative law. As a result of the considerations carried out, significant features of the discussed organizations have been defined, including a regulated legal status, perdurance, conducting activities in the social interest, and a fundamental purpose other than conducting economic activities. It was also highlighted that some features previously indicated in the doctrine, such as the personal substrate or the association of individuals only, are of no significance.

The Political Consequences of Maladjustment of the Number of Mandates in Electoral Districts with Demographic Changes in the Polish Parliamentary Elections 2023

The subject of analysis in this article is the allocation of mandates among electoral districts in the elections to the Sejm of the Republic of Poland 2023 and its political consequences. According to the principle of electoral equality in material aspect, the number of voters per mandate in individual electoral districts should be the same or as close as possible. The National Electoral Commission has pointed out that the current division into electoral districts specified in the annexes to the Electoral Code violates this principle. Shifting mandates between electoral districts would alter the balance of political power in the parliament.