At the end of the 20th century, the term discourse, which was justified by European linguists, gained relevance in modern linguistics and gave rise to wider research. The ideas about the discourse in the scientific literature have given impetus to each other and facilitated a wider analysis of this term. In Azerbaijani linguistics, this topic is considered a younger field of science. From this point of view, we decided to conduct research in the mentioned direction. In the article, the types of discourse from the point of view of both structure and functionality, and the problems of its comparison with the text are considered.