What does the future hold for us? Which path will humanity take? Perhaps people will finally learn from the mistakes of past generations and build a perfect society? Or they will choose a disastrous path, making the life of an individual absolutely unbearable? Science fiction writers have repeatedly tried to find answers… Science fiction is dedicated to the two opposites of the development of civilization. When people talk about fiction of the early twentieth century, they usually mean so-called “science fiction.” The first works of fantastic literature of new varieties began to appear at the end of the 19th century, and individual works even earlier. In this case we are talking about works that combine a literary plot with scientific fragments; at the same time, the work as a whole acquires a journalistic character. At the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries, due to extra-literary factors, this form became extremely popular. Its development is influenced by the rapid growth of scientific, or more precisely, technical research, and the powerful introduction of technology into human life.