The article presents research on possible interpretations of Core Curriculum provisions in the area of linguistic education for the 1st educational stage: grades 1 – 3, early school education. Core Curriculum is a starting point of planning and organisation of educational process, linguistic education included. While its interpretation is dependent on numerous factors, it was assumed that basic interpretation direction is dictated by the language of the Core Curriculum itself. The objective of the article was to reflect on meanings in Core Curriculum provisions, which become a vital influence on early school language learning. The regarded problem is thus: how does the language of Core Curriculum dictate possible methods of interpretation in educational strategies? Language acquirement theories overview was presented in relation to the school didactics appearing in various pedagogic paradigms. Then, Core Curriculum provisions were analysed and matched to specific didactic options, including their relations to language acquisition theories. In the analysis, category of „linguistic image of the world” was used, which allows to reveal point of view of document authors on theoretical and didactic bases of early school language learning. Core Curriculum provisions turn out to be equivocal or even contradictory in relation to the theoretical basis, which implicates chaos in the didactic interpretation.

The grammar of legal language. Comparative analysis of selected varieties of a regional law

According to the Italian legal system, regions may intervene on social and administrative questions with their own laws. The aim of this paper is to analyse varieties of the same law in different Italian regions and cities. The quantitative and qualitative approach is aimed to show the efficiency of each text, taking into consideration linguistic factors and their use in legal writing, such as syntax and lexis as well as intertextuality and relations between hyper- and hypotext (European directives and national norms vs. local norms). The comparison between five similar texts on the same subject will show how the interpretation of a norm may deeply differ one from another and how the quality of a norm may negatively influence it’s comprehension.

The relevance of this problem is related to an insufficient degree of the development of the issue of identifying the evaluation function of the competence-based training of students. The research objective: to identify and systematize, on the basis of the functional analysis of the knowledge-resource capacity of the teacher’s professional polyfunctional activity, the priority components that can be considered as indicators of quality and effectiveness of the competency-based training. The leading technologies to the study of this problem are the technologies of mastering the types of speech activity with adequate speech design, aspect-integrated learning, self-activation, personality-oriented communication, etc. In the article there are reflected the results of this work, during which students mastered the characteristics of the professional communication as important indicators of the quality level of the professional communicative competency. The article contents can be useful for practical professional activity of teachers of higher education institutions and high school teachers.

Reader-response theory is based on the assumption that a literary work takes place in the mutual relationship between the reader and the text. According to this theory, the meaning is constructed through a transaction between the reader and the text within a particular context. Readers assume multiple roles when responding to a variety of forms of literature. The process of developing responses facilitates active and meaningful reading and increases emotional and intellectual participation in the text, which ultimately provides learners with better comprehension and awareness of the text. The potential value of classroom discussions helps learners to express their emotional reactions, to elicit their responses, to nourish their perspectives for furthering depth of their interpretation, to corroborate their opinions and share their responses for building a social relationship. It is crucial that learners are directed to perform more adequately in response to texts and actively engage in dialogues to pose literal and inferential questions, to explore a range of possible meanings and to foster cognitive development and comprehension.

Mutual agreement procedure (MAP) is an important instrument for resolving disputes on taxation not in accordance with the provisions of double taxation agreements. Nevertheless, its potential was not applied widely neither by taxpayers nor by the competent authorities in Ukraine. In 2020, the national legislator introduced changes to the Tax Code of Ukraine that might positively impact on the practice of application of MAP in Ukraine and make it more certain and comfortable for taxpayers and tax authorities. The taxpayers received the right to initiate MAP between competent authorities of contracting states in case of taxation not in accordance with the provisions of double taxation treaties. At the same time, the new legal provisions have few deficiencies in comparison with the international standards of international taxation included in the OECD MTC and its commentaries. Based on the results of the comparative analysis, the amendments to the Tax Code of Ukraine are proposed in the article.

Law is a social construction. It focuses on the regulation of social relations. The interpretation of legal rules is constantly adapting to the social context. On the other side, the law code strongly influences society’s development, determining the future social context. The Constitution, within the understanding of basic law in any country, is one of the basic legal determinants of the future social context of any country. The Constitution affects the form and the content of the future accepted legal determiners and their interpretation. The regulation of social relations by the legal code is about the human effort to achieve insurance in this uncertain world. This effort might bring the result respecting that humanity has not invented anything more effective yet. Any state and transnational community create own superparadigm - the identical worldview of the society. Regarding the changes of the social context, with no respect to its reason, there comes logically a change of social superparadigm. The Constitution responds to it as well as there are the activities of the courts, having the rights of constitutionality defenders.

From ideologisation to patriotism: receptions of A. Mickiewicz’s model “Poet and people” in the ukrainian literary criticism of the XX – beginning of the XXI century

The article is devoted to the research of reception of A. Mickiewicz’s model “the Poet and the People” in twentieth- century Ukrainian writers’ criticism. The writers traced the canon of relations between the artist and society created by A. Mickiewicz, which had a profound influence on the literature of Polish Romanticism. Considering the reception of the ‘poet and people’ paradigm, the authors of the article note that Ukrainian poets of the Soviet period were forced to dissect certain artistic phenomena through the prism of the communist ideology of the time. One of the most consistent and productive interpreters of A. Mickіewіcz among Ukrainian writers was M. Rylskyi. He left a considerable inheritance of literature and publicist articles about the Polish poet. M. Rylskyi as a critic gave the deepest scientific standards to the analysis of the poetics of A. Mickіewіcz’s works. He did not cast aside the generally accepted scheme of the creative evolution of the Polish poet but cautioned researchers from the monolinear measuring of it. M. Rylskyi was the first one in Ukrainian Mickіewіcz Studies who noticed that mixing of styles was inherent in А. Mickіewіcz’s works during all of his creative life. M. Rylskyi allowed the identification of the poet Konrad Wallenrod with A. Mickiewicz himself, warning that after all the person of the hero does not reflect and cannot reflect the personality of the author. M. Rylskyi described Konrad Wallenrod as mysterious and contradictory, as was A. Mickiewicz. The article also compares the interpretations of M. Rylskyi and Polish researchers and writers, in particular, Maria Cieśla-Korytowska and Jan Kasprowicz. The authors trace that the Ukrainian poet D. Pavlychko was the first in Ukrainian literary criticism to draw attention to the idea of Europe in the artistic and ideological system of A. Mickiewicz as the idea of the Fatherland.

On the issue of the political discourse translation methodology

The article is focused upon the challenges of the political discourse translation methodology. The overview of the key works in the field of theory and practice of translation has allowed to distinguish the correlation between the stylistic peculiarities and translation strategy, tactics and operations. It has been outlined that challenges for adequate political discourse translation are evoked by genre discrepancy, the issue of the rendering such peculiar vocabulary items as realia, nationally colored phraseological unities and fusions, as well as proverbs and sayings. The objective of the research is seen as the search of efficient methods and techniques aimed at optimizing the quality of political discourse translation in the paradigm of the communicative and functional approach. The urgency of the study is proved by the growing demand for the qualified political discourse translation both on the external international and internal domestic policy levels. The criterion of the trustworthiness and political tolerance is especially upto-date in the view of the recent political situation in the world in general and in Ukraine in particular. The role of the qualified political discourse translation for the political future of Ukraine can’t be overestimated. The mission of translators and their duty is to perform adequate, faithful and qualified translation of all sort of political speeches, disputes, negotiations and agendas from Ukrainian into English and other foreign languages to give the world the idea of the essence of both social and political life in the country. The power of speech and language means is sometimes stronger than the power of weapon. The findings of the research may be of great value for future translators training and self-education. The perspective is seen in working out the methodology of publicist and scientific discourses translation in the aspect of the globalization of Ukrainian culture and science international distribution.

Constitutionalism Against Constitutional Democracy? Remarks on Martin Loughlin’s Against Constitutionalism

The subject of the article is a polemic with M. Loughlin’s thesis that constitutionalism as a philosophy of governance can be realized only in one form. Referring to the theory of worldviews, it can be said that the styles of constitutional interpretation stem from different experiences and accompany different practices. Although various doctrines may be united by a commitment to democracy, irreducible social pluralism determines the constant dispute over the best interpretation of the constitution. Constitutional democracy can be one of the forms of constitutionalism, if it is perceived as an interpretative concept.

From Folk Festivities to the Organoleptic Concept of Culture

Contemporary cultural phenomenon and the type of their receipt uncover that applied up to now ideas are faulty. More and more we have to do witch texts that their receivers do not pay attention to signs and values but to sensual qualities. “Return to things” and “neomaterialism” are popular slogans in contemporary humanities but without conviction that it means necessity of resignation prevailing foundations (for ex. understanding or interpretation) and forces us to acceptation rather naturalistic ideas. Describe of enterprises which are popular on rural and in small towns in Poland shows us that this change is important and unavoidable.

The author exposes theoretical substantiation as well as practical utilization of new integrative musical-dramatic activities which have become a part of the latest textbooks and methodical handbooks of musical education in Slovak elementary schools. He brings forth basic information on the method of creative drama as well as its application in both school and after-school musical education.