The Bank of Poland was established for the first time as an independent public institution by the royal order from 1828. The main task of the newly established institution was to meet the public debt and the expansion of trade, money lending and national industry. The rules concerning the functioning and activities of the bank emphasized a close relationship of the Bank with the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Treasury and Revenue ensuring the independence and integrity of its members – which accounted for innovative legal solutions pointing to the need of protecting the institution from the influence on the part of external entities. In the sphere of the state treasury service, the Bank of Poland played an important role in the years 1828–1885, although in the last 15 years its role in the functioning of the national economy was negligible.