The admissibility of tapping in the penal proceeding in the light of the constitutional freedom and protection of secrecy of communication

The freedom of communication and the secrecy of correspondence is one of the basic civil freedoms and they play crucial roles in the democratical states. Of course, the already mentioned freedom and secrecy cannot be unlimitted. The article is focused on underlining the main limitations of the freedom and secrecy, which are a part of the polish penal proceeding. First of all, the article analyses the admissibility of control of telephone conversations, which is applied by national authorities. Secondly, the issue of illegal phone tapping by private person and admissibility of using the obtained informations as an evidence in the penal procedure are presented and analysed. The new aspect of penal procedure, which came into force on 1st July 2015, is presented in this context and its disadvantages are underlined. Finally, the article presents the new regulation – article 168a of the Penal Proceeding Code, which implements „the fruit of the poisonous tree doctrine”. The author intends to prove the fact, that this amendment has significant impact on the rule of fair trail and is compliant with the principles of democratical state.