The issue of deregulation in terms of liberalizing the provisions  related to the without legal counsel apprenticeship program access  to the profession of a legal adviser in the context of the provisions  of article 17 of the Constitution RP

The Act of 13th June 2013 to change laws regulating performing certain professions definitely facilitated access to the profession of a legal adviser as well as by opening paths ignoring legal counsel apprenticeship program, as well as by enabling migration between the legal professions. Because of that appeared a question of who is entitled to define the rules for access to the profession of public confidence. In this context, it is important to consider, in particular, article 17 of the Constitution of the Republic Of Poland for professional self-government. The professional self-government of legal advisers is designed to ensure the proper practice of the profession of a legal counsel within the limits of the public interest. The Constitutional Court has scaled that deregulation of the legal profession does not affect the competence and rights of professional self-government referred in article 17 of the Constitution, despite the fact that, in the opinion of the Court, the only body able to form the conditions of access to the profession of a legal adviser is the legislature. The role of professional self-government is the compliance of the established law, in particular the assessment of the candidates for the fulfilment of the statutory requirements for registration on the list of legal advisors, as well as those carrying out the profession of legal adviser. In fact deregulation of access to the profession of a legal adviser has resulted in an increase in the responsibility of the professional self-government for the quality of services provided by legal councils.

Changes in the Justice System and the Enforceability of the Judgments of the National Bar of Attorneys at Law’s Disciplinary Courts – Notes in Relation to Article 17 sec. 1 of the Constitution

The purpose of this paper is to analyse the legal problem related to the activity of the disciplinary courts of the National Bar of Attorneys at Law in connection with the amendments enacted in 2017 in the area of the justice system. This issue is immanently connected with the questioning, both by Polish and international jurisprudence, of the status of the Disciplinary Chamber of the Supreme Court that existed until 14 July 2022 as a court with constitutional features. Therefore, it is significant to answer the question whether the rulings of the disciplinary courts of the National Bar of Attorneys at Law, which have undergone cassation review in the Supreme Court, produce legal effects in the current legal state and should be enforced by the organs of the National Bar of Attorneys at Law. This issue is of fundamental importance for the activity of the National Bar of Attorneys at Law since the Bar’s ability to fulfil the constitutional function of concerning itself with the proper practice of the profession of an attorney at law largely depends on the answer to this question.

The Code of Conduct for European Lawyers (CCBE) in the Polish Legal System

The Code of Conduct for European Lawyers, adopted by the Council of Bars and Law Societies of Europe (CCBE), purports to be adopted as enforceable rules in relation to the cross-border activities of the lawyers. The object of this article is to examine whether the Code is a binding act for attorneys at law and attorneys. The professional self-governments have recognised the Code as a binding act for their members, but the analysis leads to the conclusion that there is no basis for this in Polish law. Furthermore, the Code is not an internal act within the meaning of Article 93 of the Polish Constitution. This means that neither attorneys at law nor attorneys can be held disciplinarily liable for breaches of the Code. In order to ensure the effectiveness of the provisions of the Code, they should be included in the professional codes of ethics of these professional self-governments.