Digital government became synonymous with modern, innovative state structures in which information and communications technologies play a key role – both in the realm of public and commercial services. However, the process of digitization is not free of disturbances. Oftentimes, the source of the latter is the so-called human factor. That is why, what is vital is the social research diagnosing how e-services are received, with the research assessing the level of knowledge on the dangers connected therewith or else, describing the expectations towards the services provided online. Neglecting such research usually leads up to the misallocation of public resources. This paper presents the results of the research conducted among the inhabitants of Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, with the research testing their attitudes towards public e-services.

The need for law education is indispensable in the individual and, as a consequence, social dimension. Its early initiation will “internalize” patterns of behaviour and response which will contribute to conscious functioning in society, and, as a result, building of a society of law. Therefore, one of the goals of the presented text is to indicate the fact that ignorantia iuris nocet. Such a conceptualization is preventive, prophylactic, and inhibitory. First and foremost, the purpose of addressing the issue is to show the need to raise legal awareness that builds legal culture of society, and improves the quality of life. The analysis of the results of the research conducted among schoolchildren aged 15-16 indicates that legal awareness of the young generation differentiates the frequency of behaviours contrary to social and legal standards-the higher legal awareness of young people is, the lower the level of particular problem behaviours in this group is. The paper also outlines recommendations on solutions that can be used to create future prevention programs aimed at building an aware information society and the high legal culture of its members.

Transformacja współczesnego społeczeństwa związana z przejściem do tzw. społeczeństwa informacyjnego skutkuje kształtowaniem się nowych podziałów społecznych. Można wskazać na kilka najważniejszych linii podziałów i konfliktów oraz na ich polityczne konsekwencje. W artykule autor stara się wskazać najważniejsze podziały społeczne politycznie doniosłe (social cleavages), które są efektem dwóch „ponowoczesnych” rewolucji: „postindustrialnej” i „postnarodowej”. Analiza nowych podziałów socjo-politycznych pozwala na lepsze zrozumienie sukcesów ruchów antyestablishmentowych.

The Russian-Ukrainian conflict as an example of war on the internet

From the beginning of his scientific activities, the author has been devoted to the affairs of Eastern Europe, with particular emphasis on Russia and Ukraine. From his bachelor’s thesis to his doctoral studies, the author’s particular attention was drawn to the issue of possible conflicts in this region of the world. Taking up this geographical area as an interest is related to the geopolitical pragmatism of the author of the text. He devotes all his scientific activity to a didactic approach to understanding the location of the Republic of Poland on the map of Europe and the world, so it seems logical that issues beyond our eastern wall seem more important.

The article presents the role a multimedia message plays in social, computer mediated communication. This kind of communication is a dominating one in information civilization, which creates societies of knowledge, information and communication. Information technologies and their product - multimedia (understood as programming tools and multimedia message) raised possibilities of building a new, multimedia form of information transfer which enables to pass on information in a way that is most friendly and useful for a recipient but at the same time it creates a danger of information distortions if the rules of its construction are unknown. Multimedia message is characterized by frequent exchange of a sender (a message creator) role with a recipient (a code reader) role. This is caused by changeability of context and possibility of changing information structure in the process of interaction. Due to this transformation, it is difficult to place a multimedia message within a classic model of information transfer. The study presents the place a multimedia message occupies in the process of social, computer mediated communication. It emphasizes the necessity for shaping new, communicative competences that would allow to communicate effectively both within the network and via it. These new, communicative competences are understanding sent messages and creating own ones in a way that enables their proper interpretation.

Recently, an increasing number of communicative practices are moving to the Internet: the intensity of language use on the Internet is increasing, where a special communicative environment, a special communicative space arises. A special area of research devoted to the study of the linguistics of the Internet is also emerging. Therefore, consideration of the term “Internet communication” should begin with the characteristics of the place in which this type of communication once appeared and is now actively functioning. The Internet is a worldwide system of interconnected computer networks for storing and transmitting information. Often referred to as the World Wide Web and the Global Network, as well as simply the Network. The main areas of use of the Internet are media, e-business, multimedia, communication, communication, etc. This definition primarily emphasizes the technological component of the Network. However, as part of our study, it is worth considering more “humanitarian” definitions. For example, researchers consider the Internet from the point of view of socio-philosophical positions, as a special phenomenon based on network principles of information exchange, “the interactivity of communication interactions, new ways of modeling objective reality, new technologies for transmitting information flows and a fundamentally new technology – personal computers”. Scientists consider the Internet through the prism of the sociology of communications, emphasizing that the Network represents “a man-made, informational and socio-psychoanthropological component of a person’s life context.” According to them, the Internet as a means of social communication reveals such binary properties as “activity / passivity of the social subject of the information world; the fragmentation/harmony of human social existence in the information society and the inconsistency/consistency of the content of social influence in the information world”. Business English, business discourse, and political discourse are interconnected in various ways, primarily because they all involve communication strategies aimed at achieving specific goals within their respective contexts.