The growing number of empirical studies proves the existence of the negative relations between short-term interest rates and the stock prices. It points to permeability of the stock market channel in the monetary policy transmission process; it also proves the strength of the central bank instrument which makes it possible to react to disadvantageous turn of events on financial markets (by providing liquidity, easier access to credit or restoring investors’ trust), or to excessive enthusiasm of investors. This confirms the importance of monetary policy in economic policy and is an argument for more frequent use of monetary tools rather than fiscal tools to affect economy. It mainly corresponds to countries with high and/or growing – decade after decade – public debt, as well as with strong impact of the public finance sector on GDP which limits possibilities and development perspective of respective economies as well as lowers flexibility of fiscal policy and its feature of supporting economic processes that is needed not only in the context of shocks. It would be advised to return to actions that were observed before the financial crisis of 2008 in terms of integrating capital markets in Europe and to intensify them – not only due to obvious advantages of improved effectiveness and attractiveness of the European financial market, but also due to expected strengthening of the stock market channel in the monetary transmission policy process as well as the increased effect of monetary policy on economic processes and their effectiveness.

More and more research confirms the influence of monetary policy over supply through the costs level (especially in reference to the working capital costs) and over the marginal costs of a given enterprise which influences their pricing policy and manufacturing decisions. Thus, it has become a necessity in the monetary policy’s effectiveness to take into account cost channels of transmitting monetary policy into economy, along with identification of factors determining its effectiveness. It may point out to the stronger reaction of the central bank in order to repress costly inflationary pressure; it may as well point out to a lower interest increase in order to not increase inflation expectations. It depends on the specificity of a given economy – to be precise, the role of a cost channel and market expectations, as well as the strength of an interest rate channel. The central bank should analyze the effects of its actions in order to neutralize negative consequences and increase its effectiveness. Thus, when it comes to the cost channel, it comes as more effective for the central bank to focus on the inflation goal and to base the monetary policy on the aim of achieving this goal. To strengthen the effectiveness and credibility, it is necessary to create a realistic strategy should economical crisis occur.