The article presents the results of validation studies on the Inventory of Attitudes Towards Social Innovation. The measurement was conducted on public institution employees and members of non-governmental organizations, i.e., people who, due to their professional or social roles, participate in resolving local social problems. The study was conducted using cross-validation. Factor structure, internal consistency of the test and subscales, and stability over time were assessed using the test-retest method. The results indicate a three-factor structure of the phenomenon, as well as satisfactory psychometric properties of the inventory.

The contribution is aimed at study of views and attitudes towards the contents of Technical education from the perspective of elementary school female teachers in Slovakia. Their measurement was carried out by a self-designed questionnaire which was a part of the research methods used (content analysis of curricular documents, international comparison, interview and observation). The originally designed questionnaire included items aimed at finding out views (evaluation of the importance of contents of education) and attitudes (cognitive, affective and conative components) of primary education teachers towards the contents of Technical education in the 4t form of elementary school. The research sample consisted of 334 female teachers. According to results of analysis, teachers considered such themes as traditions and crafts or catering to be more important than themes connected with the use of technical materials and design and they also had more positive attitudes to such themes. Another conclusion is that explanations of the views on the importance of the preferred themes were accounted for mainly by the affective component of teachers’ attitudes.

The study aimed to investigate the effects of electronic mind mapping on achievement and attitudes in an educational psychology course. This study used a quasi-experimental research design with pre-test and post-test control groups. The study sample consisted of 65 students, 34 students in the control group and 31 in the experimental group. The experimental group was taught using electronic mind mapping, while the control group was given traditional classroom instruction. To achieve the study objective, an achievement test and electronic mind mapping attitude scale were used. The results of the study showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups in achieve- ment test scores and attitudes, in favor of the experimental group attributed to using electronic mind mapping.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the attitudes of teachers and school administration towards inclusion. A distinctive feature of this study is the gradual increase in the number of its members as a result of the annual increase in the number of inclusive schools that was also reflected in the qualitative composition of the sample. The study was conducted with the use of a questionnaire distributed among teachers and school administration. The article presents the results of a 3-year study, which made it possible to track changes in their attitudes towards inclusive education. Results show that in general all the participants have a positive attitude towards inclusion. However, there is a difference between the groups of teachers and administrators, as well as the groups of teachers in rural and urban schools.

This article attempts to reflect on three crucial issues concerning migration research. First of all, we seek the answer to the question: what is a specific problem of migration in sociology and in theoretical and methodological approach? For this purpose we reach to the roots of Polish researches of migrants, by Florian Znaniecki and Józef Chałasiński. Secondly, we try to reconstruct the map of current migration problems as is the effect of reviewing the literature of the subject. We pay particular attention to research on migration issues in the UK. Thirdly, we attempt to present our own research approach to Polish emigrants’ problems by using two basical categories: adaptation and integration. The subject of further empirical investigations will be the factors which facilitate or block these processes.

Na sytuację życiową osób z niepełnosprawnością, poza czynnikami indywidualnymi, ekonomicznymi czy prawnymi, oddziałują dominujące w społeczeństwie zachowania i nastawienia wobec nich (Ostrowska, 1997). W artykule wykorzystano wyniki badań własnych (Kapias, 2017), których celem było poznanie deklarowanych postaw studentów pełnosprawnych wobec studentów z niepełnosprawnością oraz poznanie opinii studentów niepełnosprawnych na ten temat, a także ustalenie różnic i podobieństw pomiędzy nimi. Badania były prowadzone metodą sondażu diagnostycznego, a wzięło w nich udział 116 studentów pełnosprawnych oraz 108 studentów z niepełnosprawnością. Ze względu na obszerność badań artykuł traktuje jedynie o deklaracjach studentów pełnosprawnych. Na podstawie zebranych danych można stwierdzić, iż najczęściej deklarowaną postawą wobec niepełnosprawności jako Inności była postawa ambiwalentna, a postawy negatywne należały do mniejszości.

This article attempts to answer the questions: how hip-hop subculture participants perceive their own environment, how to refer to the stereotypes about themselves and what values they most identify with. Author’s interest in the subject stems from the mnearly 20-year presence in hip-hop in Poland and everyday and abusive relationships often convinced of hip-hop to the areas of social pathology. The study involved 60 people who identify with the subculture of hip-hop teenagers aged 16 – 18 years in the majority of high school students. The research method was a structured interview. The results show an interesting and internally varied image of hip-hop subculture. Interesting may be differences in views on the environment from the perspective of respondents gender. Girls look more critically on their own subculture and often admit that the group use drugs and violence occurs. Respondents represent a complex picture of the world highlighting the significance of musical texts in the description of their reality. Participants evaluate their own subculture rather as a happy people, with life goals related to the plans of other ordinary teenagers. Everyone in hip-hop subculture express aversion to the police and presenting its own internal code of conduct and values. They are reluctant to paint graffiti on monuments, but didn’t bother of destruction the facade of other buildings, and railcars. They have no sense of uniformity required by declaring that hip-hop is not only the dress code, but a lifestyle.

Axiological determinants of the attitudes presented by students of aiding courses aimed at the elderly. The case of Poland and Germany – an intercultural perspective

Functioning in a culturally diverse world has become an everyday reality. European integration, globalisation, and migration of people have become contributing factors in this regard. In this context, a key role is played by intercultural education aimed at identifying, understanding, and supporting diversity. This article is empirical in nature. The survey objective was to diagnose and describe the attitudes and system of values of students of the helping professions towards older persons in Poland and Germany. The diagnostic survey was the research method used. Kogan’s Attitudes Towards Older People scale (Kogan OP Scale) and Schwartz’s Portrait Values Questionnaire (PVQ) were used in the survey. The survey was conducted from October to December 2018. German students (200 persons) constituted the main group, while Polish students (167 persons) were the comparison group. The survey results revealed statistically significant differences between Polish and German students in their attitudes to older persons.

In the aftermath of the Russia’s annexation of Crimea and the outburst of conflict in the eastern part of Ukraine in 2014, thousands of Ukrainian migrants came to Poland. Many of them settled down and found jobs. On the onset of war in 2022, Ukrainian students were the most populous group among foreigners at Polish universities. The war in their home country had an impact on their families and friends. Young Poles, who made friends with Ukrainian students, take the war personally. Due to its unique nature, the perception of the conflict among young people has attracted the authors’ research interest. Additionally, it seems to be an added value when we compare attitudes of Polish students with those of Slovakian ones, as the latter do not share the same experience. The main goal of this article is to analyse opinions about the war in Ukraine among students studying in Poland and Slovakia, and their attitudes and behaviours towards refugees expressed online and offline. Results presented in the article have been taken from a questionnaire survey involving a group of 459 students. The survey took place in Spring 2022. The quantitative analysis of data is designed to provide answers to the following research questions: What sources of information about the war do young people use? What do young people think about the war in Ukraine, its causes and consequences? What forms of refugee-oriented activity do young people resort to? Have students encountered any form of resentment towards particular nationality groups in connection with the outbreak of the war?

This study focuses on teachers’ professional development practices in the Republic of Serbia, presenting the results obtained from questionnaires of mixed research conducted to investigate teachers’ attitudes towards different forms of professional development programmes, how often teachers participate in them, and why. The results show a high degree of correlation between their positive attitudes and the frequency of participation when teachers are externally motivated, and no correlation if they self-direct their professional development. The research draws attention to the need to re-examine the existing teacher professional development policies considering the needs of teachers and their teaching practices.

Education of children with disabilities across the globe has been gradually evolving from segregation towards inclusion. The systems in Poland and India have also been following this path, yet due to their own unique historical, cultural, and social contexts, these countries have adopted rather dissimilar approaches to the process of inclusion. What is presented in this report are the results of the study, which aimed to explore both the attitudes of Polish and Indian teachers towards inclusive education of students with special educational needs resulting from mild to moderate disabilities and the significance of selected factors for their differentiation. Polish teachers generally declared more positive attitudes than Indian teachers. Two variables in Indian teachers (the location of the school where the respondents worked and personal contacts with people with disabilities) and one variable in Polish teachers (seniority) turned out to be important in differentiating their attitudes towards inclusion. Implication for practice and further research are discussed.

The main purpose of this paper is to present the preliminary findings of the research focused on the relationship between teachers’ identity processing styles and their attitudes towards external and internal evaluation, as well as teachers’ self-evaluation. This goal allowed for formulating the following research questions: (1) What are teachers’ attitudes toward the three types of evaluation? (2) What are their identity processing styles? and (3) What relationships between the above variables exist? The average was highest on the informational style scale and lowest on the diffuse-avoidant style scale. The study demonstrated a clear differentiation of teachers’ attitudes: from a negative attitude towards external evaluation to a positive one towards self-evaluation. Although the study did not find statistically significant relationships, it contributed to some conclusions on how to study teachers’ attitudes towards evaluation in the future. The research is a step towards finding the factors that positively and negatively influence teachers’ perceptions of evaluation research in their work.

According to J. Nicholls' achievement goal theory in an achievement context individuals adopt two major goal orientations, task and ego. It is suggested that being task or ego oriented is linked to moral functioning in sport, and that way to educational values which are attributed to it. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between goal orientations, task and ego, and attitudes toward moral norms in sport (fair play) among young sportsmen practicing team sports. Participants were 111 students, both sexes, of sports schools and classes in Katowice agglomeration. The main findings of this study is negative effect of ego orientation and positive effect of task orientation on attitudes toward some of the norms, especially "respect for rules". It seems that for educationalists who conduct sports lessons and training it is important to develop a task orientation in young people.

In this presentation I try to explain the process of social integration of disabled people. I present the issues of the social and legal situation of the disabled, myths and stereotypes created by society and integration education (the presence of disabled children in normal schools). I prepared it using the available professional literature and generally accepted educational programmes in Polish schools. Moreover, I analised legislative acts concerning the disabled. I also used information from web sites, which are created by various organisations of the disabled. The analysis shows that the number of disabled people depends on the health condition, and living conditions of society and also the efficient work of the health service. Moreover, we must remember that the phenomenon of disability becomes more intensive with aging, as the consequence of the population growing older. Perceiving the status of a disabled person depends on such factors as: value systems in a given society, cultural influences and socioeconomic status of a country. If the marginalisation of certain social groups lasted for a long time, a completely natural reaction in such a situation would be a tendency to strengthen and consolidate one’s identity, and also cultural and social distinction. The prejudices and stereotypes, concerning the disabled functioning in society, account for the main difficulties in their full revalidation and rehabilitation. The idea of integration, which means their full inclusion in social life, requires a change in the attitudes from negative to positive: tolerance, acceptance and cooperation.

It is important to understand information and communication technology (ICT) and digital resources in classroom teaching and learning processes. Pre-service teachers’ attitudes towards ICT and digital resources in teaching and learning processes are important for positive attitudes in students towards these tools. The study employs a mixed methods study targeted teachers who have completed their internship training to understand the knowledge, attitude and usage of ICT and digital resources tries to find a correlation between these three facets. It employs a questionnaire with validated tools for measuring attitude, knowledge and usage of ICT and Digital Resources and the results are tabulated. Using statistical analysis of mean and standard deviation, the study affirms a positive correlation between Knowledge, attitude and usage of ICT and Digital Resources by Pre-Service teachers.

Students’ attitudes to the infodemic phenomenon in the perspective of improving media literacy in academic education

The article presents the results of a study that aimed to analyse students’ attitudes towards infodemic caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The author adopted the interpretation of infodemic as a process of spreading an excess of untrue information, which complicates the evaluation and selection of reliable content. The research problem was the question of students’ attitudes towards false information related to the COVID-19 pandemic. The research sample consisted of 37 students of pedagogy. The research was conducted in a qualitative research paradigm. The results indicated that the surveyed students had a positive and stable organisation of their own knowledge, beliefs, feelings, and such forms of behaviour and expressive reactions as are necessary when confronted with infodemic. The respondents declared that they search for content in various sources and make a critical comparison and identification of false content. Despite this, they do not have a sufficiently in-depth knowledge of how to debunk false information. They feel the need for a great deal of cognitive effort to verify content. Therefore, the author makes recommendations for the formation of critical media literacy – as a way of building social resilience to disinformation and other disorders of the information age.

This paper presents empirical research concerning Slovenian and Hungarian young learners’ (7–11 years of age) travel experiences, perceptions, and beliefs about their neighbouring countries (Austria, Croatia, Hungary, and Slovenia) and their citizens in order to enhance effective cross-border institutional cooperation. A non-random sample of young learners (n=200) from Slovenian and Hungarian primary schools in the border area participated in the study. The results highlight that young learners’ personal contacts with local people and travel events develop positive perceptions and understanding of their neighbouring national groups. Young learners also perceive socio-economic inequalities, however their knowledge of neighbouring languages is the key element in developing their awareness of and positive attitudes to cross-border cooperation.