Socjalizacja i recepcja koncepcji naukowej jako czynniki jej istnienia

W artykule przedstawiony został problem socjalizacji i recepcji koncepcji naukowej jako jednej z funkcjonalnych odmian obrazu świata. Opisano proces stadium socjalizacji, czyli rozpowszechnienia koncepcji naukowej w pewnym środowisku naukowym (na przykładzie koncepcji lingwistycznej F. de Saussure’a). Recepcja koncepcji naukowej rozpatrywana jest jako proces wielowymiarowy. Autorka wskazuje na szereg czynników, które powinny być brane pod uwagę przy badaniu zjawiska recepcji.

Communication is a means of sending and receiving information. Communication processes are used for receiving, keeping, processing and sending information. The receiver of information can be a human, any living being or a piece of material-technical equipment, for instance a computer. There are several types of communication: a) communication in the human society; b) communication among animals (birds); c) communication between technical and mechanical equipment. Besides, we can distinguish other types of communication, including: communication between humans and animals and communication between humans and technical equipment.

“American exceptionalism and historical themes in Joe Biden’s selected 2022 speeches on war in Ukraine” is a study of three 2022 speeches given by the United States of America in context of Russian aggression on Ukraine. An author’s goal is to establish does Joe Biden’s speeches contain any remarks on nationalistic idea of American expectionalism in context of war in Ukraine and what is the correlation between contents of addresses and its audiences. The paper was written to prove that motives and themes such as American expectionalism, Manifest destiny and Pax Americana are present in remarks even if their topic is European Affairs. In terms of relation contents-audience, research was conducted to determine what relations there are and what influence them.

The author concentrates on the problem of autism defined by most diagnostic classifications as a disturbance in development - it embodies the domain of sodal and communieative activity. The best known classifications (L. Kanner, M. Rutter, E.R. Ritvo, Diagnostic and Statistic Manual of Mental Disorders - IV) give some information about etiology and methodology in the research of autism. The author pays his attention to the methods of improving communication with autistic children.