About (non)-existance of effective statistical method in linguistic research on the constitution text

This article discusses the issue of the existence or non-existence of effective statistical methods in linguistic research on the text of the constitution. Article is a review. Text summarizes preliminary acquaintance with literature of subject matter which is focused on usage statistical methods in stylistic-syntactical research. In this paper issue of usage statistical methods of research of style in constitution as a legal act had been raised. Among others, it was also highlighted a principle of usage statistical methods in linguistic and there were discussed these aspects of constitution language which precised knowledge about the style of texts in this genre could be obtained with usage of this techniques of research.

The relevance of this problem is related to an insufficient degree of the development of the issue of identifying the evaluation function of the competence-based training of students. The research objective: to identify and systematize, on the basis of the functional analysis of the knowledge-resource capacity of the teacher’s professional polyfunctional activity, the priority components that can be considered as indicators of quality and effectiveness of the competency-based training. The leading technologies to the study of this problem are the technologies of mastering the types of speech activity with adequate speech design, aspect-integrated learning, self-activation, personality-oriented communication, etc. In the article there are reflected the results of this work, during which students mastered the characteristics of the professional communication as important indicators of the quality level of the professional communicative competency. The article contents can be useful for practical professional activity of teachers of higher education institutions and high school teachers.

Reader-response theory is based on the assumption that a literary work takes place in the mutual relationship between the reader and the text. According to this theory, the meaning is constructed through a transaction between the reader and the text within a particular context. Readers assume multiple roles when responding to a variety of forms of literature. The process of developing responses facilitates active and meaningful reading and increases emotional and intellectual participation in the text, which ultimately provides learners with better comprehension and awareness of the text. The potential value of classroom discussions helps learners to express their emotional reactions, to elicit their responses, to nourish their perspectives for furthering depth of their interpretation, to corroborate their opinions and share their responses for building a social relationship. It is crucial that learners are directed to perform more adequately in response to texts and actively engage in dialogues to pose literal and inferential questions, to explore a range of possible meanings and to foster cognitive development and comprehension.

This paper highlights the main issues concerned with competences necessary for the documentary film reception. The main purpose of this article is to investigate pedagogy students’ (specialization: social-cultural animation) understanding of documentary films on the basis of their narration and to define the basic competences in film understanding. According to the thesis, competences for proper film reception require general knowledge which enables individuals to make choices, understanding conventions, contexts and interdependences. Research focuses on the reception of Polish documentary films created before the political changes in 1989. The analysis of results and final conclusions are based on Umberto Eco’s and Francesco Casetti’s theoretical concept of the text assumptions. The study has confirmed assumptions presented above and justified the following conclusion: documentary film is a text based on the specific competence of the spectator but also contributes to the formation of certain competence. The film text makes the spectator capable of actualizing the various meaning-contents and the role of the spectator is to update his knowledge while receiving documentary film. The textual cooperation gives the spectator an essential role in the process of creating meaning.

The article is devoted to consideration and characteristics of the ways of formation and development of the theoretical base of musical textology. The purpose of the article is to identify and characterize leading approaches to key concepts in the analytical apparatus of musical textology. The article uses a set of musicological approaches, among which the system-interpretive and comparative ones have a leading role. It is established that the problems of a text and text creation in music are becoming central in an increasing number of works representing original musicological and cultural concepts, and also often become the focus of various discussions. It is emphasized that the concept of the musical text as central receives different interpretations. Each of the researchers, who focuses attention in their works on the text as an object of study, understands this phenomenon differently, highlighting these or those its content and structural features. Emphasizing the views that are represented in the works of Levon Hakobyan, Mark Aranovskij, Alexandra Samojlenko, Andrew Denisov, allows us to study the musical text as a complex, multi-level, systemic phenomenon that has its own semantic structures, an autonomous logic of development, unique properties. Among the latter, musicologists single out fixation, organization, meaning productivity, duality, transitivity, equivalence, linearity of unfolding in time, the possibility of multidimensional organization of sound texture, variability depending on interpretation, etc. It is their understanding that determines the ways of comprehension of the musical text. There are revealed the mechanisms of the generation of the musical text, both external and internal, which allow it to acquire the status of a significant, possibly real space. At the same time, the musical text appears as a combination of the «expressed» (semiotic structure expressed in signs) and what is meant (meaning), caused by the realization of the function of musical- sign and sound subject-creative activity. The special attention in the article is paid to the definition of levels of the musical text, which are important for understanding its structural organization. It is established that the relationship between the linear and vertical aspects of the text through their understanding is the main characteristic of the text as a structure.

At the end of the 20th century, the term discourse, which was justified by European linguists, gained relevance in modern linguistics and gave rise to wider research. The ideas about the discourse in the scientific literature have given impetus to each other and facilitated a wider analysis of this term. In Azerbaijani linguistics, this topic is considered a younger field of science. From this point of view, we decided to conduct research in the mentioned direction. In the article, the types of discourse from the point of view of both structure and functionality, and the problems of its comparison with the text are considered.