- Author:
Mariusz Samp
- E-mail:
mariuszsamp1990@wp.pl
- Institution:
Akademia Pomorska w Słupsku
- Year of publication:
2018
- Source:
Show
- Pages:
11-26
- DOI Address:
https://doi.org/10.15804/hso180401
- PDF:
hso/19/hso1901.pdf
- License:
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative
Commons Attribution license CC BY-NC-ND 4.0.
Mieszko I’s contacts with the anti-Otto opposition put up by Henry II, Duke of Bavaria. An outline of the issue
In 973 and 984, the Polish duke Mieszko I was involved in internal fights in the Reich which broke out following the death of Otto I and Otto II. In the existing historiography, various attitudes have been adopted. The available written sources allow to identify facts which do not raise serious doubts.
Kontakty Měška I. s antiotonskou opozicí Jindřicha Svárlivého. Nástin problematiky
- Author:
Marcin M. Wiszowaty
- E-mail:
marcin.wiszowaty@prawo.ug.edu.pl
- Institution:
Uniwersytet Gdański
- ORCID:
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9740-2457
- Year of publication:
2022
- Source:
Show
- Pages:
87-99
- DOI Address:
https://doi.org/10.15804/ppk.2022.06.06
- PDF:
ppk/70/ppk7006.pdf
A Good Start, but Still Far from the Podium. About the First Statutory Lobbying Regulations in Germany at the Federal and National Level
On January 1, 2022, two German laws on the regulation of lobbying entered into force. While the Bavarian law is the third regulation of this type adopted in the Länder, the German-wide statutory lobbying regulation is a novelty. The aim of this article is – apart from presenting the latest German lobbying regulations, which have not been described so far in the Polish scientific literature – to answer the question about their assessment against the background of the standards developed in the legislative and scientific achievements in the world. Do the latest German lobbying regulations meet these standards or, on the contrary, do they duplicate the errors repeatedly described in the literature? Or maybe these regulations also contain innovative solutions that should be copied in the lobbying regulations of other countries? Finally, do Länder laws differ from federal laws and how? The assessment of the German lobbying laws is ambiguous. On the one hand, it looks like their authors got acquainted with the literature on the subject, in which the model of optimal regulation was formulated, and German laws contain even innovative solutions. On the other – the shortcomings of the regulation outweigh its advantages – which was already signaled at the stage of legislative works. The laws deserve revision, but are a good start on the way to effectively regulate and scrutinize lobbying activities in Germany.
