This study was aimed at surveying the need for HIV-VCT services in secondary schools. Descriptive survey method was used in this study. The target popula- tion of this study comprised all in-school adolescents in Kwara State. Samples of 300 respondents were selected for the study. The purposive sampling technique was used in selecting in-school adolescents between ages 12 and 20. These adolescents were stratified based on age, religion and gender. Through a simple random sampling technique, one hundred respondents were selected from each of the senatorial districts (Kwara North, Kwara Central, Kwara South) in Kwara State. The instrument used was the Need for HIV Voluntary Counselling and Testing Services in Secondary Schools Questionnaire (NHVCTSS). Results of this study revealed that there was no significant difference in the need for HIV- VCT services in secondary schools on the basis of gender and age. However, a significant difference was found on the basis of religion and school type. As such, it was recommended that counsellors should be trained in the basic concepts of HIV as a compulsory component of their professional curriculum to facilitate capacity in HIV-VCT services.

Hungarian educational policy took a  sharp turn in 2010, after the change of regime. The study analyses how pupil/parent preferences and enrolment chances have changed since 2000 in secondary education. The core of the study are KIFIR databases. Their task is to conduct secondary admission processes and to register applications. We have also used the data of the national com- petence survey to investigate the relationships between social background and student performance. While the strong government policy prefers vocational training, students and parents tend to turn away from it. However, the chances to enter secondary school have decreased, thus reducing the chances to enter higher education.

Drawing inspiration from the research of C. Timoszyk-Tomczak (2003), who, analyzing the strategies and styles of constructing the future (realistic, authority, coercion, wishful thinking, expectations and carpe diem), drew attention to their diversity, which is a consequence of, among others, the context for whom the „constructor” lives, the multitude of his experiences and the range of possibilities to choose from, it was decided to examine the declarations of primary school youth on the planning strategies they choose. Students were asked to choose 2 descriptions that best explicate their current situation, assuming that young people can use several strategies simultaneously, creating their hybrids to various contexts of youthful functioning and areas under consideration. Students opting for any of the options provided information about their preferred style of action in terms of designing the future and making significant life decisions, also taking into account their temporative aspect. Which of the strategies for constructing the future they lean towards in their career endeavors - may be a determinant of their sense of professional satisfaction and a sense of achieving professional success versus its lack.

Teaching of the Italian language and literature to the Italian undergraduate students

The paper focuses on the centralization of the Literary Texts in teaching Italian language. During the last thirty years, the Italian Undergraduate School has adopted methods to teach Italian, based on the distinction between Language and Literature, reshaping the role of Literary Texts or decreasing the lecture and analysis of Literary Texts in teaching Italian language. It’s out of doubt that the different modern languages theories have conditioned the methodologies of the language acquisition and the discussion of the theoretical model isn’t our aim. We would like to suggest that a literary text is a basic medium to learn a language, provided that the literary survey considers complete elements: cultural, historical, linguistics, rhetorical. The Romance Philology can give an essential contribution to renovate Literary studies in teaching Italian Language in the Italian Undergraduate school.

The self-creation of modern youth in the world of permanent change is closely related to the existing socio-cultural conditions and the psychosocial condition resulting from the experienced developmental stage. The changeability and relativity of the reality in which young people exist affects the process of searching for their “I”, which becomes more and more undefined, requiring constant updating, and changing. Therefore, it becomes necessary to undertake analyses of identity formation as the main developmental task of the youth period, with particular emphasis on the current socio-cultural reality, which is not insignificant for this process. The article presents the results of scientific research on the subjective aspect of the sense of identity of contemporary high school youth (out of the general population the author selected a population of 439 students of secondary schools, aged 15-19, located in the territory of the Wielkopolskie [Greater Poland] Voivodeship in Poland, random selection) measured by the TST (Twenty Statements Test). The presented results of research on the subjective aspect of the sense of identity of secondary school youth reveal an image of this age group as one that is still searching for its own identity core, and undergoing the process of implementation of developmental tasks belonging to the stage of adolescence. The analyses of the research results show the specificity of the process of shaping identity by young people in modern conditions. This issue is the main goal of the research presented in the article.