This paper indicates how practice (treatment, social work) may benefit from the application of notions deriving from symbolic interactionism and Situational Action Theory. I conducted interviews with therapists from a day care treatment centre. The centre offers educational assistance and counselling to children and youth aged from three to eighteen. In the article I present four methods of treatment of children and youth at risk (including juvenile offenders), which I draw from the analysis of in-depth interviews. The professionals who would benefit from applying the ideas presented in the article are probation offi cers, social workers, counsellors, street workers, and therapists.

Prenatal exposure of a child to alcohol may cause Fetal Alcohol Syndrome or Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FAS/FASD). As a result, the affected child may exhibit lower intellect, neurosensory disorders, hyperactivity, executive functions disorder, abstract thinking and behaviour disorders combined with growth disorders and facial dysmorphia. In addition, undiagnosed and untreated children may suffer from serious secondary and tertiary disabilities. The aim of this paper is to provide a research overview of practical information about FAS/FASD syndrome, a presentation of the 4-Digit Diagnostic Code method and a sample of the research results by the first Centre of Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention of FAS in Slovakia.

Gallbladder stones

Gallbladder stones are one of the most common gastrointestinal diseases requiring surgical treatment. Currently, the standard in the treatment of symptomatic, including complicated gallbladder stones, is laparoscopic cholecystectomy. This paper presents a detailed description of gallbladder stones, starting with epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation and treatment.

Acute appendicitis. Discussion of current diagnostic and therapeutic management

Acute appendicitis is common disease requiring surgical treatment. Currently, the standard in the treatment of acute appendicitis is appendectomy. This paper presents a detailed description of acute appendicitis, starting with epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation and treatment.