The goal of this research was to examine the verbal and non-verbal behaviors of teachers towards mentally disabled students in physical education classes in Special Education Practice Centers (Schools for Mentally Disabled Students) in Turkey. The study was based on qualitative research and data was collected through interview forms prepared by the researchers. The interviews consisted of four semi-structured questions, which were analyzed by using the method of content analysis and qualitative data analysis software. Accordingly, it was observed that teachers used a variety of mimics and gestures as reflections of their body language in order to establish and control class management. The teachers interviewed stated that they consciously used their specific way of posture, walking and sitting in the classroom. They also stated that they frequently changed their positions in the classroom and embraced a variety of distance and touch behaviors towards the mentally disabled students. In conclusion, these teachers have the greatest responsibility to achieve the goals of physical education class for the mentally disabled students. These responsibilities are crucial for the educational advancement of the mentally disabled students. The non-verbal behaviors and expressions of these teachers play a vital role in the mental and behavioral development of the mentally disabled students.

Issues and controversies are part of student variables and characteristics in science learning. Not many teachers are prepared for the kinds of challenges that are capable of engendering new ideas and innovations when they occur in the science classroom. This study investigated the nature of conflicts that are generated in the science classroom. One hundred and four lessons taught by 15 pre-service science teachers in a few Nigerian secondary schools were analyzed. Fifteen negative conflicts were documented. The analysis of the responses to the questionnaire administered to another sample of 220 in-service science teachers not only confirmed the extent and gave the frequency of occurrences of these negative conflicts, but ranked students’ poor home background the highest cause of them. Good methods of teaching, adequately equipped laboratories, provision of an appropriate stimulating environment and training were ranked highest among the remedial strategies suggested by the respondents in tackling conflicts and controversies in the classrooms. Those useful but predictable findings are part of teachers’ customary narratives. For that reason, this study sought to constitute those surface experiences afresh and at deep level perceptions and resolve the conflicts through engaging students in out-of-school activities like visits to a science museum and community exposure.

The paper presents the results of the questionnaire study concerning teachers approaches toward misbehaviour of the students and discipline in the classroom. The sample consisted of 143 teachers from three types of schools (primary schools, middle and secondary schools. The data presented and discussed in this article will cover the topic of teachers’ self evaluation in the field of coping with misbehaviour and discipline and the frequency of particular kinds of misbehaviour experienced by the teachers.

The goal of the research is “studying effective factors of classroom control and management in primary schools”. Classroom control and management has become, in recent years, more frustrating and difficult for teachers of all grade levels as the social problems of the outside world have found their way into the schools. This study surveyed primary teachers from two Ghaemshahr schools in the Mazandaran province in the north of Iran to identify types of classroom control and management currently being used. The findings indicated that in their management philosophy, about half of the teachers emphasized classroom structure and routines and allowing student input to rule-making. Almost 34% focused on material selection, conflict resolution, role playing, and teacher-student discussion. About 30 percent emphasized clear expectations, consistent rules, assertive teacher management, and tangible rewards and punishments. Most teachers asserted that discipline should be balanced evenly between prevention and correction of behavior problems. In summary, commonly used classroom management techniques reflected increased student input and a more positive approach to discipline. However, the teachers still relied mostly on behavioristic management strategies with discipline as the core of classroom management.