Emancipation stories: Virginia Ramponi Andreini (1583-1631) from her father-in-law to her husband

Numerous notarial deeds are kept in the State Archive of Mantua, involving some of the most famous comedians of the 17th century. Piermaria Cecchini (Frittellino); Francesco Andreini and his sons Domenico and Giacinto; Giovan Battista (Lelio) with his son Pietro Enrico; Tristano Martinelli; and others used notaries for wills, sales contracts, debt reduction, inventories of assets, and dowries. Some of these documents also involve the women of the Andreini family: Lavinia (sister Fulvia), Caterina (perhaps sister Clarastella), Virginia Ramponi Andreini (Florinda). In particular, an emancipation deed (1620) indirectly affected Virginia (Genoa, 1583? - before 17 November 1631), the first wife of Giovan Battista Andreini. On the basis of document analysis, two perspectives are explored: Virginia’s peculiar contribution to the activities of the family, also from an economic point of view; and the status of women with regards to emancipation, which must be understood from a legal point of view that was patriarchal and defensive of property. The article thus becomes an opportunity to reflect, starting from Virginia but gazing even beyond, on the condition of women who were active in the theatrical and musical world between jurisprudence, artistic professions, economic heritage, and daily life. In conclusion, through some selected examples (the concerto delle dame of Ferrara, Adriana Basile, Margherita Salicola, Antonia Merighi), the theme of emancipation throughout the 17th century is analysed, a period when women singers successfully populated the new operatic market. As the law remained unchanged, these women experimented with different strategies to protect their own person and assets.

W artykule podjęty został temat relacji między rewolucją a postulatem emancypacji w myśli społeczno-politycznej Slavoja Žižka. Autor wskazuje, że w tekstach myśliciela rewolucja jest jedynym skutecznym narzędziem prawdziwej emancypacji klas społecznych wykluczonych. Artykuł jest efektem analizy treści zawartych w najważniejszych tekstach Žižka, w których poruszana jest tematyka rewolucji. Autor stosuje podejście interpretatywne i metodę hermeneutyczno- fenomenologiczną. Analiza dokonana została w trzech etapach. W etapie pierwszym autor wskazuje, że rewolucja jest u Žižka kwintesencją krytyki obowiązującego w społeczeństwie porządku symbolicznego. W drugim etapie autor dowodzi, że rewolucja jest formą radykalnego działania politycznego, które przynosi prawdziwą zmianę porządku. W trzecim etapie rewolucja zostaje ukazana jako wybuch oddolnej wolności i demokracji mas społecznych.

Wife, Geisha, or Suffragist? – An Image of Japanese Women in the Selected The Second Polish Republic Press in the 1930s

The Polish interwar press tried to bring its readers closer to the inhabitants of the Land of the Rising Sun. Many articles were devoted to Japanese women. Usually, it was done by mass magazines such as sensational “As” and travel-geographical “Na Szerokim Świecie” [On the Broad World] published by holding “Ilustrowany Kurier Codzienny” [Illustrated Daily Courier], as well as Warsaw “Naokoło Świata” [Around the World], and women’s magazines, e.g., “Bluszcz” [Ivy]. A Japanese was presented either as a mysterious woman of exotic beauty and a mysterious soul, a wife devoted to the family, a victim of the patriarchal system, or an emancipate fighting for political, professional, and social rights. The mass magazines and women focused on the social situation of Japanese women, stressing that it was extremely unfavourable and, as an example, gave their unequal position in marriage. However, they added that their position had improved rapidly, although they still had a long way to go to emancipate. The interwar press tried to combat common stereotypes about the inhabitants of Japan. One was to say that all Japanese women are, by nature, perfect wives, mothers, and mothers-in-law, and the other that geishas are luxury prostitutes.

A Hijab in Considerations of Qasim Amin and Musa Bigiev

In the Western world, a hijab is seen as a special form of oppression of women who are hidden and fully controlled by men. In this context, it seems to be interesting what Muslim men thought about the veil, how they interpreted Islamic law, its Koranic verses and hadiths that refer to the title issue to justify that it is not necessary to apply it. The article’s purpose is to present the views of two Muslim modernists – the Egyptian: Kasim Amin and Tatar, and Musa Bigijew – on issues related to women’s rights in Islam regarding the obligation to cover up women. The author tries to answer the following questions: is it really possible to consider their thoughts as a manifestation of a kind of struggle for women’s rights and efforts to “liberate” them? To what extent the views on the isolation of women in the Arab-Muslim world have changed in the time between the publishing of both analysed texts; and whether Musa Bigijew considered the socio-political changes that took place in the Middle East in the 1920s?

The figure of a witch as a symbolic harm in the patriarchal world. Anthropological and educational contexts

The aim of the article is to present the image of a woman – marked with the figure of a witch – oriented at changing stereotypical thinking about her. A look from a perspective not contaminated by the common view of the world will indicate its subjectivity, self-realization, and the right to self-determination, which is the basic pedagogical category. The figure of the witch is ambiguous – it reflects the rebelliousness that gives strength to deal with the pressures of society not to succumb to ways of controlling women that have undermined patriarchal standards. At that time she was called a demonic, wicked, magical woman, but on the other hand, a divine, innocent victim, a real healer. For they were „wise herbalists, soothsayers and sexually enlightened beings who had not been crippled by Christian piety and prohibitions” (K.J. Sollée, 2021, p. 89). Thus, they have become an icon of an independent woman, subordinate only to herself, with a strong personality desired in today’s world.

Aspirations and Educational Plans of High School Students as a School’s Emancipation Success

Aspiration and educational plans constitute one of the most essential components of the process of planning the future. The school, on account of its individual and social meaning, can and should be place and time of the knowledge acquisition, the ability and competence, but of also creating educational situations supporting waking for aspiration and building the courage in conceiving educational plans. Enabling every pupil not only to get the formally authenticated education is an educational success in the emancipation dimension (and hence of getting the pass to higher levels of the education), but also of purchasing and developing convincing about the need the constant work on oneself, abilities needed for overcoming internal restrictions and outside, brave defining and creating oneself and of one’s surroundings. They are these are also tasks which result from basic functions according to Zbigniew Kwieciński’s the school is fulfilling which in the society: reconstruction, adaptive and emancipation. There was analysis of aspiration and educational plans of pupils of secondary schools in order to write the present text (of secondary schools and technicians) in the context of the emancipation dimension of the success of the school. Theoretical and empirical analysis lets for expressing the following conclusions: 1. The majority of the examined young stock is declaring the intention of taking the further learning on completion of secondary school, however in this group deciding more is of disciples of secondary schools than technicians. 2. Young people, standing on the threshold of the maturity and the independent living are dominated so to speak with feeling the objectivity, not whereas subjectivities, of what a tendency dominating among them of seeking of sources the practical success in extrinsic factors is resulting, not whereas in the own knowledge, competence or abilities. 3. They are demonstrating rather a tendency of the full conversion to found reality, than protesting her in any scope and extending beyond dominating outlines of conventional interpretation of reality. In the process it is hard to talk about the success of schools provided with the examination in the emancipation dimension.

Transformation or Transmission? Humanities Education Facing the Problems of “Displacement” in Pedagogical Relation

In my paper I discuss in pedagogical context the mechanism which Freud referred to as “transference”, and expand this subject with pedagogically relevant commentaries of Jacques Lacan who has proposed to inscribe the Freudian concept of transference into the wider context of the functioning of the authority comprised by the problematic of knowledge as such. The aim of this examination is not only to draw attention to numerous psychoanalytical insights into man’s existence in culture that may enrich pedagogical reflection with new intellectual stimuli, but also to show both positive, and negative sides of the mechanism of transference in education (consisting respectively in facilitating the process of learning and debilitating it) and in this way consider from a different perspective the ambivalence of the teacher’s authority in the classroom.

The presented study aimed at diagnosing the current situation of rural youth life orientations. The theoretical perspective, which I adopted for interpretation of the examined phenomena, is an emancipative education theory. The picture of life orientations presented by rural youth is not satisfactory. The prevailing form of preservative orientations (in particular a conformable orientation) among substantial group of the examined middle school students entitles us to state that there are many mechanisms and factors which are of importance for the quality of distinguished life orientations. This is a fact that brings worry from the point of view of the present situation, in which the prevailing part of rural inhabitants is. Inability to achieve emancipation by a decidedly larger part of rural youth generates a risk of expanding marginalization of that social group. This youth do not have a chance for changing their difficult situation just at the starting point into adult life, mostly due to the preservative orientation they represent.