Energy Sector in Georgia and the Export Policy of Azerbaijan’s Fuels and Hydrocarbon Resources

Georgia, deprived of its own hydrocarbon resources, relies exclusively on the import. It has abstained from purchasing those from the Russian Federation for political reasons, which, combined with the lack of LNG terminal infrastructure, has led to the factual monopolization of crude oil and natural gas supplies from Azerbaijan. For geopolitical reasons, Georgia remains the only export route for Azerbaijan for these resources. Easy access to those resources due to its position as a transit state has an impact on the tempo of energy transformation in Georgia. On the one hand, the significantly lower than expected dynamics of the development of renewable energy sources, and on the other hand, the growing role of Azerbaijani national companies in the market of liquid fuels and natural gas in Georgia, are visible consequences of the emergent status quo.

Energetyka w Gruzji a polityka eksportowa paliw i surowców węglowodorowych Azerbejdżanu

Pozbawiona własnych złóż surowców węglowodorowych Gruzja zdana jest na import. Zaniechanie z przyczyn politycznych ich zakupów w Federacji Rosyjskiej oraz braki infrastrukturalne (w tym brak terminalu LNG) doprowadziły do faktycznej monopolizacji dostaw ropy naftowej i gazu ziemnego z Azerbejdżanu. Z powodów geopolitycznych Gruzja pozostaje dla Azerbejdżanu jedyną drogą eksportową tych surowców. Łatwy dostęp do nich – z racji zajmowania pozycji państwa tranzytowego – nie pozostaje bez wpływu na tempo transformacji energetycznej w Gruzji. Znacząco niższa niż należałoby się tego spodziewać dynamika rozwoju OZE z jednej strony, a z drugiej rosnąca na znaczeniu rola azerbejdżańskich spółek narodowych na rynku paliw ciekłych i gazu ziemnego w Gruzji są dostrzegalną konsekwencją powstałego status quo.

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