SPIS TREŚCI / CONTENTS / ОГЛАВЛЕНИЕ

Publikacja “Nowa Polityka Wschodnia” w języku angielskim, udostępnienie wersji cyfrowej w wolnym dostępie i zabezpieczenie oryginalności publikacji zgodne ze standardem COPE – zadania finansowane w ramach umowy 854/P-DUN/2018 ze środków Ministra Nauki i Szkolnictwa Wyższego przeznaczonych na działalność upowszechniającą naukę.

The aim of this article is to show the relationship between, the features (in cultural, sociological and political science terms) exhibited by contemporary Russian society and the political regime (in holistic terms by J. Linz), that existed in the Russian Federation (in the years 2007–2015). We assume that an evolution from stable contemporary Russian society to amalgams system combining elements of authoritarianism with dictatorship has taken place during this period. We point out the essential features that constitute the nature of Russian society and social behavior of political importance. Referring to the theory of “the state in society” by D. Migdal, We put the thesis that it is just the Russian way of thinking resulting in certain behavior, that causes the permanence of contemporary Russian society with a tendency to move on the line continuum toward totalitarianism. Proving that Russian society is not a civil society, but a state society, we determine the structure, the role and the modes of operation of Russian intra-system opposition.

The article is about Turkish-Russian relationshps in the context of Syrian conflict. It is known that, this conflict has aggravated due to the coinciding reasons, even led to the emergence of the challenging crisis between the sides. Simultaneously, the chain of events has demonstrated that both states, Turkey and Russia, are forced to cooperate stem from the logic of Realpolitik. The article is devoted to the analysis of the essense of this cooperation.

The INF treaty, which was signed by R. Reagan and M. Gorbachev in 1987, banned ballistic and cruise missiles with a range from 500 to 5500 km. It was the first disarmament treaty that completely eliminated the entire class of already existing weapons, becoming one of the main foundations of the security of Europe. Its importance was recalled along with recurring reports of Russia’s likely violation of the treaty. If the forbidden missiles reappear on the armaments of the Russian army, and there are many indications that this has already happened, it may disrupt the strategic stability in Europe.

The article focuses on the activities of the Eurasian Economic Union. Organization can be interpreted as a further step in the integration process of the Eurasian bloc. The first detailed integration plan was announced in 2011 by the presidents of Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan in the articles published in the Russian daily “Izviestia”. The presidents’ articles outlined the future alliance, the most important goals and the principles of integration. Leaders mentioned the rule of equality and sovereignty, emphasized that the organization should be non – exclusive. All presidents stipulated that the alliance will not be politicized and spoke only about the economic integration. Finally, one of the strongly stressed postulates was the cooperation with other international organizations. The analysis showed that only part of the postulates presented at that time was accomplished. The implementation of the main goal, multi-level economic integration, remains incomplete.

This article presents the selected key socio-political determinants of the pro-Union aspirations of Ukraine that were important for the condition of EU – Ukraine relations. The presented events and historical outline may be the basis for further reflection and evaluation of how Ukraine was undergoing the process of accession and was located at its different stages.

The Valley of Kashimir is a region which has been shaded by the conflict for decades and it is still far from resolution. Actually, it seems we observe its new phase in which the dispute spreads on the virtual space. The historical and social consciousness of the Kashmiris, formed on the occupational background, is a significant if not the most crucial element constituting the Kashmiri Muslim Identity. For last 20 years, local press popularized the claims to preserve tradition and language, or to write down history, which is believed to be presented falsely in the official narration. A need is uttered out loud to change the direction of the Kashmiri discourse which shall be based on oral history or other testimonies from the inside of the conflict reality. The increase in the interest in protecting the unique syncretic cultural heritage is visible in various activities of young generation of Kashmiris, both on the subcontinent and in diaspora. Currently, the main field for their grassroots initiatives became the Internet. By enabling a relatively free flow of information and wide accessibility, it became the space for building and maintaining the historical consciousness of the Kashmiri people. Websites such as “Lost Kashmiri History” and „Kashmir Lit” present how modern technologies serve for the memory preservation.
In this paper I would like to present briefly the content of the abovementioned websites. Focusing on the seer idea of their existence, I will try to answer the question what constitutes the historical consciousness of nowadays Kashmiri Muslims. The aim of this research shall be an attempt to present the hardships behind writing about history in conflicted regions such as Kashmir and reflect upon the Internet as a solution to that problems.

The aim of this article is to analyze one of the basic methods of measuring political leadership, namely the idealization method proposed by Max Weber. Although this method does not exhaust all available methods of studying the phenomenon of political leadership, it is worth paying attention to the possibility of constructing, on the basis of it, much more diverse and advanced cognitive methods, which are used not only to measure political leadership, but also to conceptualize this theoretical category. Consequently, it becomes possible to see the essence of the complex and evolving relationship between a political leader and his supporters in various aspects of the public sphere. Using the ideal type method, one should also consider the possibility of using subtypes which are located on the continuum beetwen by antinomic ideal types such as absolute power versus political leadership.

This article aims to describe and analyze the activities of the HerStory Foundation, which deals with restoring the memory of meritorious women in the history of Lublin and the way of presenting the activities of the foundation presented in local media. The analysis of the content of media coverage of both broader media in terms of the number of recipients, such as TVP Lublin and local news diaries “Dziennik Wschodni” and “Kurier Lubelski”, as well as local news portals, proved that the source database regarding the foundation’s activities is very scant. In the media, little space is devoted to promoting events related to anti-discrimination activities and reports on their course. In contrast, articles published by the media are usually limited to presenting the most important information about an event organized by the foundation without bringing the other areas of its activity closer.
In the materials available on the Internet, there are also no audiovisual reports that the sender informs about.
The article is mainly based on press materials available on the Internet, because they usually contain more information than paper editions. First of all, it should be noted how wide the area of the Herstory Foundation’s activity is, which does not translate into the amount of materials available in the media. Press articles provide information about the undertakings organized by HerStory in a selective manner. There are also missing attachments in the form of graphics that appear on the foundation’s website.
The media also do not present the characters of women who are the heroines of herstoric walks, and whose names have been highlighted in this article. Figures of the Lubliners who have made a contribution to the city by their social involvement, but for some reason the story about them has been forgotten by the HerStory Foundation and restores to them their once-lost fame.

Report from the IX NPW Seminar “Eastern Dimension of the Security Policy”, Toruń, May 15, 2019

Отчет с IX семинара NPW «Восточное измерение политики безопасности», Торунь, 15 мая 2019 года