- Author:
Agnieszka Kasińska-Metryka
- Institution:
Uniwersytet im. Jana Kochanowskiego w Kielcach
- Year of publication:
2014
- Source:
Show
- Pages:
166-174
- DOI Address:
http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/ksm201413
- PDF:
ksm/19/ksm201413.pdf
Polish and Spanish way of democratisations seems to be similar; however, nowadays Spanish government has to face up to the economic crisis. The main idea of the article is to compare political systems, especially how the local government invests money in so-called tourist attractions. As well as being useless, many of those objects are too expensive to be maintained. It is worth mentioning that some Polish local governments try to implement Spanish ideas (so-called “Bilbao effect”) to their environment, which is not only risky, but also unsuccessful.
- Author:
Tomasz Matras
- E-mail:
tomasz.matras2@uwr.edu.pl
- Institution:
University of Wrocław
- ORCID:
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4136-2038
- Year of publication:
2022
- Source:
Show
- Pages:
40-55
- DOI Address:
https://doi.org/10.15804/so2022402
- PDF:
so/24/so2402.pdf
In the last thirty years, China became one of the most important elements of the global economy. China is one of the leading investor countries. In 2020, the value of outward Foreign Direct Investment from China amounted to approximately 153.71 billion U.S. dollars. Therefore, the threat of making other countries dependent on Chinese pressure is growing. Chinese leaders tend to use the potential benefits of cooperation with them as a bargaining card in relations with other countries – both developing and developed. This research article aims to present aspects of economic cooperation with China that are usually overlooked in public discourse and to arouse the reader’s interest in the subject. This article is largely descriptive, based on scientific studies and analyses of Polish and foreign researchers. The author has used historical, comparative, and monographic methods in his research.
- Author:
Anna Gomola
- E-mail:
gomolaa@uek.krakow.pl
- Institution:
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Krakowie
- ORCID:
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1121-4958
- Author:
Dominik Hodurek
- E-mail:
dk.hodurek@gmail.com
- Institution:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński
- Year of publication:
2025
- Source:
Show
- Pages:
63-78
- DOI Address:
https://doi.org/10.15804/ksm20250103
- PDF:
ksm/45/ksm4503.pdf
Political discourse surrounding the Trans Mountain Pipeline for crude oil expansion project in Canada. History and analysis of the social and environmental impacts of the pipeline’s construction
The Trans Mountain pipeline expansion project became one of the most controversial infrastructure projects in recent Canadian history. The investment involved expanding an existing pipeline connecting Edmonton, Alberta, to Burnaby, British Columbia, and significantly increasing its capacity, which would result in an increase in tanker traffic from 5 to 34 vessels monthly. The topic is broadly discuss in the literature. The Canadian government strongly supported the project, pointing to significant economic benefits ( creating 5,000 jobs, annual tax revenues of $500 million, and increasing oil exports). However there was a conflict between First Nations representatives (particularly the Tsleil-Waututh community) and Canadian Government. The conflict lay in the significant difference lay in the approach to environmental issues. While the government analysis indicated insignificant or short-term environmental impacts, the Tsleil-Waututh report presented much more pessimistic scenarios. The dispute also concerned the methodology of assessing oil spill risks and their potential consequences. Additionally, The entire situation gained additional political dimension when it coincided with the 2015 parliamentary elections. The change in power from Conservatives led by Stephen Harper to Liberals led by Justin Trudeau brought a promise to reconsider the project. This article describes and investigate the typical tension between economic development and environmental protection and indigenous rights that often occurs in similar infrastructure projects. It’s particularly significant that both sides operate with different risk assessment methodologies, leading to fundamentally different conclusions.