The purpose of the presented research was to explore, compare and describe the level of knowledge on selected issues concerning safety in cyberspace among people preparing for the profession of a pedagogue and a teacher, and to present opinions of the examined people on their attitudes towards the broadly understood media. The research was comparative and comprised a group of 519 students of pedagogical and educational majors of the University of Split (Croatia) and the University of Silesia in Katowice (Poland).

Within the context of lifelong learning, it is necessary for teachers to improve their competencies, including the competencies in the use of digital media. The paper presents partial results of research carried out within the VEGA 1/0913/15 project on Media Literacy of Young School-Age Children in the Context of Family and School Cooperation, while it also analyses the need to develop digital literacy, which is part of the VEGA 1/0748/20 project on Diagnosing Digital Literacy of Primary School Teachers in the Context of Undergraduate Training and Educational Reality. The empirical research had a diagnostic as well as quantitative and qualitative character. The subject of the research was media education of younger school-age pupils implemented in both formal and informal ways in Slovakia. The research involved 28 schools from all over Slovakia. The paper focuses mainly on the findings obtained from the questionnaires filled out by primary school teachers, interviews conducted with school management and content analysis of school educational programs. It focuses primarily on the interest of teachers in further training in media education.

This article presents research conducted in three secondary schools in the region of Castilla-La Mancha (Spain), where an interdisciplinary program was developed to improve linguistic competence through the use of Twitter as a communication tool. After testing the validity of Twitter as a technological curriculum innovation process, we can conclude that it promotes a substantial improvement of the teaching-learning process, specifically in the development of reading and writing skills. Twitter application on mobile digital devices, such as smartphones, tablets, or mini laptops becomes a digital resource with numerous possibilities in education.

This quantitative study investigates digital literacy disparities among high school students when studying physics in various educational environments, specifically contrasting penggerak and non-penggerak schools and urban versus rural settings. Utilising a cross-sectional survey methodology with a sample size of 330 students, the research evaluates competencies across four key dimensions of digital literacy. The findings reveal pronounced disparities, with students in penggerak and urban settings exhibiting superior digital literacy. These results emphasise the necessity of enhancing digital resources and literacy programmes in under-resourced schools to equalise educational opportunities and prepare students effectively for the digital future.