- Author:
Małgorzata Grącik-Zajączkowski
- E-mail:
mgraci@sgh.waw.pl
- Institution:
Warsaw School of Economics
- Year of publication:
2016
- Source:
Show
- Pages:
26-39
- DOI Address:
https://doi.org/10.15804/rop201602
- PDF:
rop/2016/rop201602.pdf
The Eastern Partnership was established by the EU in 2009 as a new institutional framework for building cooperation between the EU and six countries from Eastern Europe and Southern Caucasus (i.e Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Republic of Moldova and Ukraine) as well as between the partner-countries themselves. The initiative was based on commitment to fundamental values such as democracy, the rule of law, respect for human rights, market economy rules, sustainable development and good governance. The idea of how to treat the countries left after the downfall of the Soviet Union was one of the biggest challenge for the EU’s foreign policy. After the admission of Central European Countries to the EU in 2004 and 2007 the Union decided to launch a program which would provide the Eastern neighbors with an alternative to membership a set of incentives for engaging in economic, social and political reforms. The EU decided to promote regional cooperation under the Eastern Partnership instead of bringing the countries closer to the accession formula.
The aim of the paper is to present and analyze the problem of cooperation between the Eastern partners. Major question is whether the initiative has contributed to enhancing of cooperation among the partners and if it has what tangible progress has it brought to the benefit of the whole European Neighborhood Policy.
- Author:
Konrad Hanuszko
- E-mail:
Konrad.Hanuszko@gmail.com
- Institution:
Warsaw School of Economics
- Year of publication:
2016
- Source:
Show
- Pages:
40-55
- DOI Address:
https://doi.org/10.15804/rop201603
- PDF:
rop/2016/rop201603.pdf
The objective of this paper is to discuss the logic behind the ENP and explore whether it makes the ENP a relevant and sustainable policy-framework. The discussion is structured as follows. First, the rationale behind the ENP is discussed. The second part is dedicated to the challenges that the ENP partner-countries face. Then, the threats that the EU faces due to unsolved problems inherent in the ENP states are examined. Finally, ways of improving the ENP are discussed. Conclusions follow.
- Author:
Tomasz Grodzicki
- E-mail:
t.grodzicki@umk.pl
- Institution:
Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun
- ORCID:
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7819-2127
- Year of publication:
2022
- Source:
Show
- Pages:
145-160
- DOI Address:
https://doi.org/10.15804/npw20223507
- PDF:
npw/35/npw3507.pdf
Trade Flows Between the European Union and the Eastern Partnership Countries: Dynamics and Prospects
The Eastern Partnership is a part of the European Neighbourhood Policy focusing on the EU’s Eastern neighbours. Its main objective is to deepen the political and economic integration of the EU with six countries in Eastern Europe and the South Caucasus: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine. The aim of this paper is to assess the development of EU trade relations with Eastern Partnership Countries from 2002 to 2021 and to indicate its prospects. The results show that the EU is in a group of main trading partners of the Eastern Partnership countries. The EU noticed both: a trade surplus with Belarus, Georgia, Moldova, Ukraine and Armenia (except in 2005); and a trade deficit with Azerbaijan. The volumes of imports and exports had increased over the years which also led to better economic integration with the EU. However, the future EU-Eastern Partnership trade characteristics and dynamics remain unknown due to the Russian invasion on Ukraine that caused troubles in trade flows in Ukraine and economic sanctions on Russia and Belarus.
- Author:
Marzena Czernicka
- Institution:
Polska Akademia Nauk
- ORCID:
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2317-2169
- Year of publication:
2024
- Source:
Show
- Pages:
225-241
- DOI Address:
https://doi.org/10.15804/athena.2024.81.12
- PDF:
apsp/81/apsp8112.pdf
The Central European initiative during the Bulgarian presidency held in 2022
This text analyses the implementation of the main priorities of the Bulgarian Presidency of the Central European Initiative (CEI) in 2022. The current activities of the Initiative are presented through an analysis of priorities and planned tasks. This analysis shows that the CEI – which recently celebrated its 30th anniversary – is meticulously performing the tasks for which it was established. It undertakes a number of activities for the integration within the EU, regional security and sustainable development issues. Almost all the planned events were organized during the Bulgarian Presidency. Meetings were held in each of the areas of the CEI activity, i.e. the parliamentary, governmental, economic and recently developed local dimensions. The official programme of the Presidency, the indicative calendar of events, as well as information published on the official website of the Initiative and on the websites of some Bulgarian ministries and institutions involved in the Presidency, form the basis of the research.
- Author:
Joanna Starzyk-Sulejewska
- E-mail:
j.starzyk@uw.edu.pl
- Institution:
University of Warsaw (Poland)
- ORCID:
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3402-7087
- Year of publication:
2024
- Source:
Show
- Pages:
43-64
- DOI Address:
https://doi.org/10.15804/ppsy202441
- PDF:
ppsy/53-4/ppsy2024403.pdf
The article aims to analyse the significance of liberal norms and values in the development of political relations between the EU and ASEAN, an issue which has been only selectively analysed in academic literature. At the same time, the topic of the article fits into a broader landscape of issues associated with the development of relations between international intergovernmental organisations in contemporary international relations, only partially studied in Polish and international literature to date. Considering the essential framework of classic constructivism, as well as significant contributions added by critical constructivism, the article formulates a research hypothesis whereby the European Union and ASEAN are organisations which, while recognising the importance of liberal values and norms, take a different approach to their promotion and protection. The European Union, which attempted to act towards ASEAN as an interpreter and diffuser of the aforementioned values and norms in the 1990s, adopted a pragmatic approach over time, in response to ASEAN’s stance and actions, limiting its role in this respect and taking regional conditions and dependencies into account. In order to verify this hypothesis, three research questions were formulated, namely: What is the place of liberal norms and values in the EU and ASEAN policy documents? Is the respect and protection of liberal norms and values an important element declared in mutual relations? How do both sides approach the implementation of liberal norms and values in practice in selected cases? This article is structured around these issues and discusses the significance of liberal norms and values in EU and ASEAN policy documents, the place and role of liberal norms and values in documents underpinning EUASEAN relations and in EU documents formulated towards ASEAN and the Southeast Asian region and also provides an analysis of EU and ASEAN policy towards Myanmar.