- Author:
Katarzyna Borawska-Kalbarczyk
- E-mail:
borawska@uwb.edu.pl
- Institution:
University of Białystok
- Author:
Bożena Tołwińska
- E-mail:
ztt@wp.pl
- Institution:
University of Białystok
- Author:
Alicja Korzeniecka-Bondar
- E-mail:
alibon@uwb.edu.pl
- Institution:
University of Białystok
- Year of publication:
2017
- Source:
Show
- Pages:
209-224
- DOI Address:
https://doi.org/10.15804/kie.2017.04.15
- PDF:
kie/118/kie11815.pdf
The paper presents the results of quantitative research using the diagnostic poll method, carried out as part of an international project which involved 440 teacher students from the Polish-Belarusian borderland. The research focused on self-assessed level of information management, team work skills, and recognition of one’s own time perspective. The text only refers to one aspect of the competence, i.e., attitude to time. The findings show that the participants function in three temporal dimensions. The majority of the respondents are future-oriented. More than half of them sometimes waste time doing something meaningless. The vast majority of the students act upon the belief that what will happen to them in the future only depends on their effort, but many also declare a fatalistic attitude to life and the belief they have made wrong decisions in the past. In the article, we suggest the need to equip young people with instruments allowing them to create themselves, their lives and the world around them in the context of the foresight concept.
- Author:
Jarosław Piątek
- E-mail:
jarekpiatek@wp.pl
- Institution:
University of Szczecin
- ORCID:
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4754-3371
- Year of publication:
2018
- Source:
Show
- Pages:
44-58
- DOI Address:
https://doi.org/10.15804/rop201803
- PDF:
rop/2018/rop201803.pdf
Asymmetry of warfare, or more often asymmetric warfare, is an issue often referred to in descriptions of contemporary political and military relations affecting the state. It is even presented as an entity threatened by these hostilities. Meanwhile, these acts are a form of an armed conflict in which opposing sides have different military potentials. One of the potentials is the power of the state. We must wonder then how the state uses it. Is it not an entity who uses it in a way disproportionate to the situation of conflict? The paper argues that a contemporary state is not without sin and it is not just that it is not able to protect its interests from asymmetric threats. Warfare still is, which many forget, the basis for hostilities (war). In the author’s understanding (erroneous perhaps?) asymmetry does not only occur at the level of war, but it also happens in its key dimension – warfare. It has emerged not only through the change in the status of the fighting party, but also through the time of warfare and using the warfare terrain.
- Author:
Robert Orłowski
- E-mail:
robert.orlowski@poczta.umcs.lublin.pl
- Institution:
Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin
- ORCID:
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8692-8739
- Year of publication:
2019
- Source:
Show
- Pages:
315-328
- DOI Address:
https://doi.org/10.15804/ppk.2019.06.23
- PDF:
ppk/52/ppk5223.pdf
Time limits are a normative approach to time, the passing of time is then a legal event (an element of a legal event). The provisions of the 1997 Constitution repeatedly use different types of time limits, but do not indicate how they are calculated. It seems that the time limits specified in days, months and years should be calculated according to computatio civilis, thus taking into account certain conventional rules. Such a time limit ends at the end of the last day of the time limit, but usually starts at the beginning of the day following the day the event, with which the legal provision relates the beginning of the time limit, occurred. Time limits determined using shorter time units (e.g. in hours) should be calculated according to computatio naturalis, i.e. strictly from one moment to another. Such conclusions can be reached using various methods of interpretation, but the most appropriate seems to be the use of analogy from the law.
- Author:
Ірина Смаровоз (Іryna Smarovoz)
- E-mail:
irina1015@ukr.net
- Institution:
Бердянський державний педагогічний університет (Berdyansk State Pedagogical University)
- ORCID:
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8686-6195
- Year of publication:
2022
- Source:
Show
- Pages:
39-46
- DOI Address:
https://doi.org/10.15804/PPUSN.2022.04.04
- PDF:
pomi/7/pomi704.pdf
Means and methods of literary understanding of everyday life in the works of I. Rozdobudko and M. Gretkovska
The present article shows that as a result of historical, cultural and social changes that have aroused interest in the life and work of women, the attention of literary critics was drawn to the literary everyday life in Ukrainian and Polish modern women’s prose. Everyday life in women’s prose has become a mirror of woman’s worldview, philosophy, feelings and emotions. The significance of the study is based on the lack of the clear system of means and techniques that belong to the poetics of everyday art in literature studies. The purpose of this study is to make an attempt to systematize the means and methods of literary understanding of everyday life in the texts of I. Rozdobudko and M. Gretkovska. In the process of the research it is established that the nature of literary everyday life in the texts selected for analysis is determined by attention to the inner world of the character that is typical for women’s prose. It is noted that women’s images described in the analyzed texts completely contradict patriarchal ideas about the role of women in society and family. Such components of the everyday life of the characters as woman’s life, body and actions become the key to revealing her inner world. It is noticed that the external demonstrations of everyday life (space, time, clothing, body, reactions of the characters, etc.) become a reflection of the inner world of the characters. The following methods of modeling of everyday life in the prose of I. Rozdobudko and M. Gretkovskaya are singled out: construction of own representation of time by characters; «stretching» or «stopping» of time; laconicism in space modeling; emphasis on details; focusing on sensory sensations; close intertwining of the real with the unreal; concentration on corporeality, sensuality; attraction to the naturalism of the image; increased attention to the personal, private life of the character; autobiography; reproduction of global problems of the country or epoch through modeling of destiny of one person; fragmentary modeling of images and situations; the impact of the death of a pet on the emotional state of the character; modeling of provocative situations and images in order to encourage the reader to think, search for the truth. It is noted that writers implement these techniques within their authorial styles and ideas of novels in different ways. It is established that the authors use a wide range of artistic means: metaphors, comparisons, epithets, paradoxes, ironies, contrasting images, symbols, archetypes etc. Using a wide range of artistic means and techniques, writers construct models of everyday life of their characters in their own way. The results of the research can become the basis for a generalized theoretical description of the poetics of everyday life.
- Author:
Katarzyna Borawska-Kalbarczyk
- E-mail:
borawska@uwb.edu.pl
- Institution:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Polska
- ORCID:
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4315-2226
- Year of publication:
2023
- Source:
Show
- Pages:
23-37
- DOI Address:
https://doi.org/10.15804/kie.2023.01.02
- PDF:
kie/139/kie13902.pdf
“Included” in the network – excluded from freedom. Cyberspace participation in the dimension of time
The issue of the text focuses on the description of changes in the way of experiencing time by people involved in digital technologies. The article discusses the causes and consequences of new forms of human location in contemporary space-time, which is shaped and modified by modern technologies. The author puts forward the thesis that the attachment of a contemporary individual to virtual space can be treated as a kind of enslavement, considered in the dimension of time. Young people, whose childhood and adolescence were shaped under the influence of dynamically developing digital technologies, were chosen as the subject of the analysis. The issue of time is analyzed in the background of the current culture, which is called “the culture of the present”. The new quality of time can be assessed as captivating due to the speed imposed on man by the rapid progress of new technologies. The text also presents ways of rational time management in the digital world (in the ecology of time trend). This trend draws attention to the threats and dimensions of the enslavement of modern man resulting from excessive haste. It promotes the need to limit the dominance of social time and respect natural time.