- Author:
Andrzej Gaca
- E-mail:
agaca@umk.pl
- Institution:
Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń
- ORCID:
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5051-3486
- Year of publication:
2024
- Source:
Show
- Pages:
261-271
- DOI Address:
https://doi.org/10.15804/ppk.2024.01.19
- PDF:
ppk/77/ppk7719.pdf
Wojciech Bogusław Jastrzębowski’s federative concept of a united Europe was developed during the November Uprising. The printed text of the 1831 pamphlet Constitution for Europe, the manuscript of which is kept by the Archive of Old Records in Warsaw, was conceived as a project for a pan-European constitution. The main aim of the future federation of nations was to prevent any further wars on our continent. In the 77 articles of the Constitution, Jastrzębowski specified, inter alia, the principles of the functioning of the common institutions of the monarchical federation and the national institutions. He also defined the mutual relations between nations and community authorities, criminal sanctions for breaching European and national laws, as well as the fundamental rights and duties of citizens of a united Europe. The author of the project stipulated the equality of all before the law and the abolition of all state privileges.
- Author:
Katarzyna Górak-Sosnowska
- Institution:
Warsaw School of Economics (SGH), Poland
- ORCID:
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1121-6240
- Year of publication:
2024
- Source:
Show
- Pages:
157-168
- DOI Address:
https://doi.org/10.15804/em.2024.04.11
- PDF:
em/27/em2711.pdf
The European refugee crisis of 2015 had a profound impact not only policies, but also narratives related to migration. The article is aimed to analyse how the European refugee crisis was narrated in Polish textbooks on geography and civics – two subjects that cover contemporary socio-political events within their curricula. It looks at the textbooks not only as a source of information but also as a political and pedagogical mirror that reflects the ongoing discussions in society. The article builds on the vast scholarship on how the refugee crisis was narrated in Poland and investigates whether and to what extent the same patterns are reflected in the textbooks. Mixed methodology is used in the article to identify the main narratives and themes in the samples of Polish textbook. According to the study the narrations are less extreme and explicit than in the public discourse, they are also often incoherent and inconsistent, and hardly human-centred. While they are not explicitly politicized, they often replicate the main narrative frames from the media discourse.
- Author:
Oleksandra Struk
- E-mail:
oleksandra.struk@uwm.edu.pl
- Institution:
University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
- ORCID:
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5316-9630
- Author:
Ihor Hurnyak
- E-mail:
hurnyakihor@gmail.com
- Institution:
Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Lviv, Ukraine
- ORCID:
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0926-2456
- Year of publication:
2024
- Source:
Show
- Pages:
35-55
- DOI Address:
https://doi.org/10.15804/ksm20240402
- PDF:
ksm/44/ksm4402.pdf
The article explores the evolving landscape of European energy security amidst geopolitical tensions and market dynamics. Despite the European Union’s efforts to protect consumer interests, access to its energy market has been restricted for nations disregarding international law, leading to shifts in pricing dynamics and trade patterns globally. Notably, market participants like African nations and Kazakhstan have gained influence, while China and India face challenges in their dealings with Russian energy. The study assesses the effectiveness of strategies adopted by energy market participants and their implications for investor sentiment, using Axelrod tournament simulations to analyse strategic choices. Insights from the competition reveal the advantage of active strategies and the importance of readiness for unexpected moves. Furthermore, the article examines the interaction of strategies within the energy market and their impact on competitiveness. It also presents the inclusion of crude oil within optimal investment portfolios and discusses the temporary retreat of European and American investors from renewable energy markets in vulnerable regions like Africa. The findings suggest a decline in investor interest in renewable energy ventures outside the EU, highlighting the complex interplay of geopolitical factors, market dynamics, and investor sentiment in shaping Europe’s energy security landscape.